EN 1.4301 Stainless Steel: Full Guide to Properties, Uses & Standards

If you’re looking for a versatile, corrosion-resistant stainless steel for everyday and industrial projects, EN 1.4301 stainless steel is a top choice. As the European equivalent of AISI 304, it’s widely used across industries—from food processing to architecture—thanks to its balanced performance. This guide covers everything you need to know, from its specs to real-world applications.

1. EN 1.4301 Stainless Steel: Overview & Key Specifications

Let’s start with the basics of EN 1.4301 stainless steel—its composition, standards, and core properties.

Chemical Composition

The EN 1.4301 composition is what makes it reliable. It contains 18–20% chromium (for corrosion resistance) and 8–10.5% nickel (for austenitic structure), with small amounts of manganese (max 2.0%) and silicon (max 1.0%). This blend creates a metal that’s both strong and ductile.

Industry Standards & Equivalents

EN 1.4301 is defined by strict European and global standards:

• 1.4301 AISI 304 equivalent: It’s the direct European counterpart to AISI 304, so you can swap them in most projects.
• 1.4301 UNS S30400: The Unified Numbering System identifier, used in North America.
• 1.4301 ASTM A240: ASTM standard for plates/sheets, and 1.4301 EN 10088-2: European standard for flat products (sheets/plates).

Physical & Mechanical Properties

Below is a table of critical properties that make EN 1.4301 stainless steel so versatile:

Example: A kitchen appliance maker uses EN 1.4301 stainless steel for oven doors. Its austenitic structure makes it easy to form into curved shapes, and its Brinell hardness (≈215 HB) resists scratches from daily use.

2. Corrosion Resistance & Environmental Performance

EN 1.4301 stainless steel is known for its strong corrosion resistance—here’s how it performs in different environments.

Key Corrosion Behaviors

• 1.4301 PREN 18–19: The Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) measures resistance to pitting. A PREN of 18–19 means it handles mild chlorides (like indoor plumbing) well.
• 1.4301 atmospheric corrosion: Excellent resistance to dry, humid, and urban air. It’s used for architectural cladding that stays rust-free for decades.
• 1.4301 oxidation resistance up to 870 °C: Maintains strength and resists scaling at high temperatures, making it suitable for heat exchanger shells.
• 1.4301 seawater splash zone limits: Can handle occasional seawater splashes (e.g., coastal building trim) but avoid full submersion—use 316 for underwater parts.

Critical Corrosion Considerations

• 1.4301 pitting corrosion: Low risk in clean environments, but may occur in high-chloride settings (e.g., saltwater pools).
• 1.4301 crevice corrosion threshold: Avoid tight crevices (e.g., unsealed bolts) in wet areas—they can trap moisture and cause corrosion.
• 1.4301 chloride stress corrosion cracking: Low risk at room temperature, but avoid high temperatures (over 60 °C) and high chlorides together.
• 1.4301 intergranular corrosion after welding: Welding can cause sensitization (carbide precipitation), so post-weld passivation helps prevent this.

Case Study: A brewery uses EN 1.4301 stainless steel for piping. The metal’s mild chemical resistance handles beer’s acids and sugars, and regular cleaning keeps it rust-free. The piping has lasted 15+ years with no issues.

3. Heat Treatment & Microstructure Control

Proper heat treatment helps maintain EN 1.4301 stainless steel’s performance—here’s what you need to know.

Common Heat Treatment Processes

Critical Considerations

• 1.4301 carbide precipitation range 450–850 °C: Avoid holding the metal at this temperature range for long—carbides form, reducing corrosion resistance.
• 1.4301 sensitization prevention: Use solution annealing after welding to prevent sensitization (which causes intergranular corrosion).
• 1.4301 grain size ASTM 5–8: Controlled heating keeps grain sizes small (ASTM 5–8), balancing strength and ductility.
• 1.4301 sigma phase absence: Unlike ferritic grades, it doesn’t form brittle sigma phase—great for high-temperature parts.

Example: A manufacturer of chemical storage tanks uses EN 1.4301 stainless steel. After welding the tank seams, they solution anneal at 1050 °C to restore corrosion resistance—ensuring the tank safely holds mild chemicals.

4. Welding, Fabrication & Machining Guidelines

EN 1.4301 stainless steel is easy to work with—here are the best practices for welding, fabrication, and machining.

Welding Tips

• 1.4301 weldability rating: Excellent (rated 9/10)—it welds well with most methods (TIG, MIG, stick).
• 1.4301 no preheat required: Unlike martensitic grades (e.g., 410), it doesn’t need preheating, saving time.
• 1.4301 filler metal ER308L: Use this filler for TIG/MIG welding—it matches the base metal’s composition.
• 1.4301 MIG wire 308LSi: Ideal for MIG welding; the silicon improves wire feedability.
• 1.4301 post-weld passivation: Apply a nitric acid solution after welding to boost corrosion resistance.

Machining & Fabrication

• 1.4301 machining speeds and feeds: Use speeds of 150–250 m/min (turning) and feeds of 0.1–0.3 mm/rev—avoid overheating.
• 1.4301 tool life with carbide inserts: Carbide tools last 2–3x longer than high-speed steel (HSS) when machining EN 1.4301.
• 1.4301 deep drawability: Excellent—its austenitic structure lets it be deep-drawn into shapes like food cans or sink basins.
• 1.4301 forming limits: Can be bent up to 180° (for thin sheets) without cracking—great for architectural trim.

Case Study: An automotive supplier makes EN 1.4301 stainless steel trim. They use deep drawing to shape the trim, then machine edges with carbide tools. The process produces 50,000+ trim pieces per month with minimal defects.

5. Product Forms, Sizes & Supply Chain

EN 1.4301 stainless steel comes in many forms to fit different projects—here’s what’s available.

Common Product Forms

• 1.4301 stainless steel plate thicknesses: 3–200 mm (used for chemical storage tanks, structural parts).
• 1.4301 sheet gauge chart: 26 gauge (0.45 mm) to 8 gauge (4.0 mm) (used for kitchen appliances, trim).
• 1.4301 coil slit widths: 50–1600 mm (used for mass-produced parts like heat exchanger fins).
• 1.4301 round bar stock: Diameters 5–300 mm (used for fasteners, shafts).
• 1.4301 seamless pipe EN 10216-5: Sizes ½–24 inches (used for chemical piping).
• 1.4301 welded tube EN 10217-7: Sizes ½–12 inches (used for plumbing, brewery lines).

Supply Chain Tips

• 1.4301 flat bar tolerances: Most suppliers offer tolerances of ±0.1 mm for thickness—ideal for precision parts.
• 1.4301 angle iron sizes: Common sizes include 20x20x3 mm to 100x100x10 mm (used for structural supports).
• 1.4301 hollow bar suppliers: Look for ISO 9001-certified suppliers to ensure consistent wall thickness.
• 1.4301 mirror finish sheets: Available in 0.5–5 mm thicknesses (used for elevator panels, display cabinets).

6. Industry Applications & Use Cases

EN 1.4301 stainless steel is used in countless industries—here are the most common applications.

Key Applications

• 1.4301 food processing equipment: Used for mixers, conveyors, and storage bins—its corrosion resistance handles food acids.
• 1.4301 kitchen appliances: Fridges, ovens, and dishwashers—its ductility makes it easy to form, and it resists scratches.
• 1.4301 architectural cladding: Building facades, handrails—its atmospheric corrosion resistance keeps it looking new.
• 1.4301 pharmaceutical vessels: Used for drug storage and mixing—meets strict hygiene standards.
• 1.4301 heat exchanger shells: Handles high temperatures (up to 870 °C) and resists corrosion from coolants.

Real-World Example: A hospital uses EN 1.4301 stainless steel for surgical tables. The metal’s corrosion resistance stands up to frequent cleaning with disinfectants, and its smooth surface is easy to sanitize—meeting medical hygiene standards.

7. EN 1.4301: Standards, Testing & Certification

To ensure quality, EN 1.4301 stainless steel must meet strict testing and certification requirements.

Key Standards & Testing

• 1.4301 EN 10088-3 chemical analysis: This standard specifies the required chemical composition (e.g., 18–20% chromium) to ensure corrosion resistance.
• 1.4301 EN ISO 9445 tolerances: Defines dimensional tolerances for flat products (sheets/plates) to ensure consistency.
• 1.4301 AD 2000-Merkblatt W2 approval: A European certification for pressure equipment (e.g., chemical tanks) — ensures the metal can handle high pressure safely.

Example: A manufacturer of pressure vessels uses EN 1.4301 stainless steel certified to AD 2000-Merkblatt W2. This certification lets them sell their vessels across Europe, as customers trust the metal’s safety.

Yigu Technology’s Perspective on EN 1.4301 Stainless Steel

At Yigu Technology, we supply EN 1.4301 stainless steel to food, medical, and architectural clients. Its versatility—great corrosion resistance, easy fabrication, and global standards compliance—makes it a top seller. We offer custom cuts (e.g., mirror finish sheets for elevators) and provide certification documents (EN 10088-3, AD 2000-Merkblatt W2) to meet client needs. For food clients, we ensure passivation to meet hygiene standards, so their equipment is safe and durable.

FAQ About EN 1.4301 Stainless Steel

1. Is EN 1.4301 stainless steel magnetic?
   No! Its 1.4301 austenitic structure makes it non-magnetic—unlike martensitic (410) or ferritic (430) grades. This is useful for parts that need to avoid magnetic interference (e.g., medical equipment).
2. Can EN 1.4301 be used in seawater?
   It works for 1.4301 seawater splash zone areas (e.g., coastal building trim) but not for full submersion. Its PREN (18–19) is too low for constant seawater exposure—use EN 1.4401 (AISI 316) for underwater parts.
3. What’s the difference between EN 1.4301 and EN 1.4307?
   EN 1.4307 (AISI 304L) has lower carbon content (max 0.03%) than EN 1.4301 (max 0.08%). This makes 1.4307 less likely to sensitize after welding—choose it for thick welded parts (e.g., large tanks).