CNC skipping holes machining is a critical troubleshooting and optimization technique in precision drilling/tapping processes, allowing manufacturers to skip specific hole positions during production—whether to fix first-article debugging issues, adapt to design changes, or rework defective holes. Однако, choosing the wrong skipping method can lead to program errors, столкновения инструмента, or even scrapped workpieces. This article breaks down core definitions, 5 mainstream implementation methods, selection strategies, and safety tips to help you apply this technique efficiently and safely.
1. What Exactly Is CNC Skipping Holes Machining?
По своей сути, CNC skipping holes machining refers to the process of intentionally omitting the machining of one or more pre-programmed hole positions in a CNC drilling, постукивание, or boring operation. Ниже приведен 总分 structure explaining its key purposes and application scenarios:
1.1 Key Purposes
- First-Article Debugging: When testing a new program, skip holes that show defects (НАПРИМЕР., смещение, excessive depth) to avoid wasting time on reworking the entire workpiece.
- Process Adaptation: Skip holes that are no longer needed due to design changes (НАПРИМЕР., a customer modifies a part to remove 2 из 10 монтажные отверстия) without rewriting the entire program.
- Rework & Repair: For batch parts with individual hole defects (НАПРИМЕР., a tapped hole with stripped threads), skip intact holes and only reprocess defective ones—saving material and labor.
1.2 Typical Application Scenarios
| Сценарий | Пример | Why Skipping Holes Is Critical |
| Автомобильная часть производства | Бурение 20 mounting holes on a car chassis; 1 hole is misaligned in the first article. | Skipping the misaligned hole avoids re-drilling all 20 отверстия, cutting debugging time by 80%. |
| Electronics Enclosure Machining | Tapping 12 screw holes on a laptop case; the design is updated to 10 holes mid-production. | Skipping the 2 extra holes eliminates the need to create a new program, maintaining production continuity. |
| Aerospace Component Rework | Скучный 5 precision holes on a turbine bracket; 1 hole has surface roughness issues. | Skipping the 4 intact holes and reworking only the defective one ensures the high-value part is salvaged (стоимость $1,000+ заменить). |
2. 5 Mainstream CNC Skipping Holes Methods: Сравнение & Operation Guide
Choosing the right skipping method depends on equipment type, program complexity, and scenario needs. Ниже приведен подробный comparison table принадлежащий 5 most common methods, plus step-by-step operation tips:
| Метод | Основной принцип | Operation Steps | Преимущества | Ограничения | Ideal Scenarios |
| 1. K Parameter Control | Modify the K value (number of machining cycles) after a cycle instruction (НАПРИМЕР., G81 for drilling) to set the target hole to “zero cycles” (no machining). | 1. Locate the cycle instruction for the hole to skip (НАПРИМЕР., G81 X100 Y50 Z-20 K1). 2. Change the K value from 1 к 0 (G81 X100 Y50 Z-20 K0). 3. Run the program—this hole will be skipped. | – No need to modify program structure. – Fast to implement (принимает 10-20 секунды). | – Only works with cycle instructions (not for standalone G-codes). – Limited to skipping individual holes (hard to skip multiple non-consecutive holes). | Temporarily skipping 1-2 individual holes in batch drilling/tapping. |
| 2. Single Section Function | Use the machine tool’s “Single Section” (or “Block Skip”) mode to manually pause the program after machining intact holes, then resume from the next hole. | 1. Start the program and let it machine holes before the target skip hole. 2. Press the “Single Section” button when the tool approaches the skip hole. 3. The program pauses after each block—skip the block for the target hole by pressing “Start” to jump to the next block. 4. Exit “Single Section” mode after passing the skip hole to resume normal operation. | – No program modifications needed. – Works with any type of hole machining (бурение, постукивание, скучный). | – Requires manual oversight (can’t be used in unattended machining). – Risk of human error (НАПРИМЕР., skipping the wrong block). | Small-batch rework (1-5 части) or first-article debugging with frequent adjustments. |
| 3. Skip Symbol “/” | Add the “/” symbol before the program block of the hole to skip; enable the “Jump Section” switch on the machine panel to activate skipping. | 1. Locate the program block for the skip hole (НАПРИМЕР., N120 G81 X80 Y60 Z-15 F100). 2. Add “/” at the start of the block (/N120 G81 X80 Y60 Z-15 F100). 3. Turn on the “Jump Section” switch on the machine operation panel. 4. Run the program—blocks with “/” are automatically skipped. | – Гибкий (add/remove “/” easily). – No impact on program logic (remove “/” to resume machining the hole later). | – Requires the machine to support the “Jump Section” function (older models may not have it). – Can’t skip multiple consecutive blocks with a single symbol (need to add “/” to each block). | Skipping non-consecutive holes in medium-complexity programs (НАПРИМЕР., 5-15 отверстия). |
| 4. Macro Program GOTO n | Используйте macro program with conditional judgment (НАПРИМЕР., IF statements) and the GOTO n command to jump directly to the program segment after the skip hole. | 1. Identify the target skip hole’s program segment (НАПРИМЕР., N150) and the segment to jump to (НАПРИМЕР., N200). 2. Insert a conditional jump command before N150: IF [#1=1] GOTO 200 (где #1 is a macro variable; set #1=1 to activate skipping). 3. Mark the jump target with N200 at the start of the next hole’s segment. 4. Set #1=1 on the machine’s macro variable panel—run the program to skip N150. | – Supports complex logic (НАПРИМЕР., skip holes based on sensor data like hole depth). – Can skip multiple consecutive or non-consecutive holes. | – Requires knowledge of macro programming (steep learning curve for beginners). – Risk of logic errors (НАПРИМЕР., incorrect jump targets cause program crashes). | Complex scenarios (НАПРИМЕР., skipping holes based on real-time machining data, or skipping 3+ non-consecutive holes). |
| 5. Edit Mode + Segmented Operation | Use the machine’s Edit Mode to locate the program segment after the skip hole, then use arrow keys to jump directly to that segment and resume machining. | 1. Switch the machine to Edit Mode. 2. Use the “Search” function or arrow keys to find the program segment immediately after the skip hole (НАПРИМЕР., if skipping N180, find N190). 3. Switch back to Auto Mode and press “Start”—the program resumes from N190. | – Works on all CNC machines (no special functions needed). – No program modifications (safe for beginners). | – Time-consuming for multiple skips (each skip requires manual navigation). – Risk of losing position reference if not done carefully. | Emergency scenarios (НАПРИМЕР., the machine’s “Jump Section” function fails, or the program has no cycle instructions). |
3. Key Selection Strategies: Choose the Right Method for Your Needs
To avoid inefficiency or errors, follow this step-by-step selection guide на основе 3 критические факторы:
3.1 Фактор 1: Machine Tool Functionality
- If your CNC machine has a “Jump Section” switch (common on Fanuc, Siemens models), prioritize the Skip Symbol “/” метод (fast and flexible).
- If your machine lacks special functions (older manual CNC lathes/mills), использовать Edit Mode + Segmented Operation (no extra features needed).
- If your machine supports macro programming (НАПРИМЕР., Mitsubishi M80, Хаас), использовать GOTO n Macro Program for complex skipping logic.
3.2 Фактор 2: Program Complexity
- Для simple programs (10 or fewer holes, all using cycle instructions), использовать K Parameter Control (fastest to implement).
- Для complex programs (20+ отверстия, mixed drilling/tapping/boring), использовать Skip Symbol “/” (easy to mark multiple holes) или GOTO n Macro Program (dynamic adjustments).
3.3 Фактор 3: Production Scenario
- Unattended Machining: Avoid methods requiring manual oversight (Single Section, Edit Mode). Использовать K Parameter Control или Skip Symbol “/” (automatic skipping).
- First-Article Debugging: Использовать Single Section Function (easy to adjust skips on the fly) или Edit Mode (safe for testing).
- Batch Rework: Использовать Skip Symbol “/” (mark defective holes once, apply to all parts) или GOTO n Macro Program (skip multiple holes with one setting).
4. Critical Safety & Quality Tips
Even with the right method, ignoring safety and quality checks can lead to costly mistakes. Следуйте этим key guidelines:
4.1 Safety Precautions
- Position Verification: Before skipping a hole, confirm the tool’s current position (via the machine’s coordinate display) to avoid jumping to the wrong segment (risk of tool collision).
- Tool Consistency: When using the Single Section Function или Edit Mode, do not change tools midway—this disrupts the tool length compensation and causes depth errors.
- Emergency Stop Readiness: Keep your hand near the “Emergency Stop” button when testing a new skipping method—stop immediately if the tool moves abnormally.
4.2 Качественные проверки
- Hole Position Marking: Physically mark skip holes on the workpiece (with a marker) to avoid confusion (НАПРИМЕР., skipping hole #5 instead of hole #6).
- Post-Skipping Calibration: After skipping holes, run a quick test on the next hole (НАПРИМЕР., check depth, диаметр) to ensure the program resumes correctly—this catches position drift early.
- Документация: Record the skipping method, hole numbers, and reason (НАПРИМЕР., “Skipped hole #3 с помощью / symbol—design change”) in the production log—critical for traceability (especially in aerospace/medical industries).
Yigu Technology’s Perspective on CNC Skipping Holes Machining
В Yigu Technology, Мы видим CNC skipping holes machining as a “efficiency lifeline” for precision manufacturing—yet many manufacturers underutilize it or use the wrong method. We advocate a “method-matching” approach: 1) Analyze the scenario (debugging vs. переработка) and machine capabilities (macro support vs. basic functions) to recommend the best method; 2) Train operators to use Skip Symbol “/” и K Parameter Control первый (most versatile for 80% of scenarios); 3) For complex aerospace/medical parts, develop custom macro programs to automate skipping (reducing human error by 90%). We also integrate real-time position monitoring into our CNC solutions—alerting operators if the tool deviates from the expected path during skipping, ensuring safety and quality.
Часто задаваемые вопросы (Часто задаваемые вопросы)
- Q.: Can I use the K Parameter Control method to skip multiple non-consecutive holes (НАПРИМЕР., отверстия #2 и #7 in a 10-hole program)?
А: Да, but you need to modify the K value for each hole individually (set K=0 for both hole #2 и #7). This works best for 2-3 non-consecutive holes; for more than 3, Используйте Skip Symbol “/” (faster to mark) или GOTO n Macro Program (one-time setup).
- Q.: Что делать, если машина не поддерживает Skip Symbol “/” функция?
А: Использовать Edit Mode + Segmented Operation (работает на всех машинах) или K Parameter Control (если программа использует инструкции цикла). Для частых пропусков, рассмотрите возможность обновления прошивки вашей системы ЧПУ (большинство современных систем могут добавить поддержку «Секции перехода» посредством обновления программного обеспечения.).
- Q.: Повлияет ли пропуск отверстий на точность размеров остальных отверстий??
А: Нет, если все сделано правильно. Ключевым моментом является поддержание постоянной компенсации длины инструмента и привязки положения.: 1) Не меняйте инструменты во время пропуска; 2) Прежде чем возобновить работу, проверьте координаты X/Y/Z машины.; 3) Проверьте точность первой возобновленной лунки (НАПРИМЕР., измерить глубину штангенциркулем). Если точность снижается, повторно откалибровать нулевую точку заготовки.