Developing an electric pressure cooker prototype requires precise CNC machining to validate design rationality, Функциональность теста (НАПРИМЕР., pressure sealing), and evaluate appearance—critical steps before mass production. Unlike regular kitchen appliances, electric pressure cookers have strict requirements for sealing performance и структурная сила, which shape every stage of the CNC process. This guide breaks down the full workflow, от дизайна до постобработки, with key parameters, Материал выбор, и практические советы, которые помогут обеспечить успех прототипа.
1. Предварительная подготовка: Дизайн & Data Processing
The foundation of a high-quality prototype lies in accurate design and optimized data. This stage focuses on creating a detailed 3D model and preparing it for CNC machining.
(1) 3D Моделирование с помощью программного обеспечения CAD
Use professional CAD tools (НАПРИМЕР., Солидворкс, и) to design a model that reflects every critical detail of the electric pressure cooker. The model must include both external and internal structures, plus process features to simplify machining.
| Категория структуры | Ключевые детали дизайна | Точные требования | Цель |
| External Structure | Lid (curved top), pot body (cylindrical shape), ручка (Эргономичная хватка), Кнопки управления (凸起 height ≥2mm) | Lid-body alignment tolerance ±0.1mm; handle mounting hole position error ≤0.05mm | Ensure assembly accuracy; meet user ergonomics |
| Внутренняя структура | Sealing ring groove (ширина 5 мм ±0,05 мм), седло крепления клапана давления, отверстия для крепления датчика | Допуск глубины уплотнительной канавки ±0,03 мм.; Погрешность диаметра отверстия седла клапана ≤0,02 мм | Гарантия герметичности под давлением; установить внутренние компоненты (НАПРИМЕР., датчики) |
| Особенности процесса | Черновой уклон (3°~5° на крышке/корпусе кастрюли), закругление углов (R2 мм по краям ручки), разделительные линии | Уклон уклона обеспечивает легкую распалубку; округление предотвращает концентрацию напряжений | Упрощение обработки на станках с ЧПУ; избежать повреждения прототипа во время испытаний |
(2) Model Repair & Format Conversion
Необработанные 3D-модели часто имеют дефекты, которые могут испортить обработку. Устраните эти проблемы перед экспортом.:
- Defect Checking: Use software like Magics to identify broken surfaces, перекрывающаяся геометрия, or missing features (НАПРИМЕР., incomplete sealing grooves).
- Repair Steps: Fill gaps, merge overlapping surfaces, and smooth uneven edges to ensure the model is “machinable.”
- Format Export: Convert the repaired model to Формат STL (the standard for CNC machining), with a mesh density of 0.1mm (balances detail and file size).
2. Выбор материала & Processing Process Planning
Choosing the right materials and processes is critical—materials must mimic the performance of mass-produced parts, while processes need to balance precision and cost.
(1) Prototype Material Selection
Different components of the electric pressure cooker require materials with specific properties (НАПРИМЕР., теплостойкость, износостойкость). Below is a detailed comparison:
| Тип материала | Applicable Parts | Ключевые свойства | Советы по оборудованию | Поверхностная обработка |
| АБС | Pot body, крышка (appearance parts), control button housings | Easy to mill, гладкая поверхность, бюджетный | Use high-speed spindle (10,000–15 000 об/мин) Чтобы избежать таяния | Спрей матовой черной краски (adhesion ≥4B standard) to simulate plastic texture |
| Нейлон (А) | Внутренние структурные части (НАПРИМЕР., Сенсорные кронштейны, pressure valve covers) | Высокая сила, износостойкость, теплостойкость (до 120 ° C.) | Используйте карбидные инструменты; add cutting fluid to prevent overheating | No treatment needed (naturally wear-resistant) |
| Алюминиевый сплав (6061) | Metal handles, lid holders | Легкий вес, Высокая жесткость, коррозионная устойчивость | Use high spindle speed (18,000–22 000 об/мин) to reduce burrs | Анодирование (серебристо-серый, 8–10μm thick) for anti-oxidation + волочение проволоки |
| Прозрачный акрил | Окна наблюдения (if included) | High light transmittance (≥90%), clear appearance | Precision cutting with Φ3mm ball-head tool; avoid chipping edges | Polishing with abrasive paste (from coarse 400# to fine 1200#) |
(2) Core CNC Machining Processes
The process combination depends on the part’s shape and function. Below are the key processes and their applications:
| Имя процесса | Сценарии приложения | Ключевые параметры & Советы |
| Сторонний фрезерование | Pot body cavity (depth ≥80mm), lid curved surface, sealing ring groove | Использовать “послойная резка” for deep cavities (0.5mm per layer); use ball-head tool for curved surfaces (Ра ≤1,6 мкм) |
| КПН -поворот | Round components (НАПРИМЕР., pressure valve knobs, handle shafts) | Скорость шпинделя 20,000 об/мин; скорость корма 1,000 мм/мин (ensures smooth surface) |
| Бурение & Tapping | Sensor mounting holes (M4 threads), handle fixing holes | Drill Φ3.3mm bottom holes first, then tap (avoids thread stripping); use pecking drilling for deep holes |
| Провод EDM | Special-shaped parts (НАПРИМЕР., acrylic observation window frames) | Achieves accuracy ±0.02mm (critical for transparent, visible parts) |
3. Исполнение обработки с ЧПУ: Ключевые шаги & Параметры
Precise execution is essential to avoid defects like poor sealing or structural weakness. Focus on programming, выбор инструмента, and process monitoring.
(1) Программирование & Выбор инструмента
Используйте программное обеспечение CAM (НАПРИМЕР., Мастеркам, PowerMill) to convert STL models into G-code, and select tools based on material and feature:
| Стадия обработки | Тип инструмента | Tool Size | Key Settings |
| Грубая | Flat-bottom end mill | Φ10mm (ABS/nylon), Φ8mm (алюминиевый сплав) | Удалять 90% материала; leave 0.3mm finishing allowance |
| Полуфинизируя | Ball-head end mill | Φ6mm | Smooth curved surfaces; reduce allowance to 0.1mm |
| Отделка | Small ball-head end mill | Φ3mm (ABS/nylon), Φ2mm (акрил) | Machine fine features (НАПРИМЕР., sealing grooves); achieve Ra ≤1.0μm |
| Бурение | Twist drill | Φ2–Φ5mm | Pecking drilling (сверло 3мм, втянуть на 1 мм) to clear chips |
(2) Machining Parameter Setting
Parameters vary by material to ensure quality and efficiency. Below is a practical reference:
| Материал | Стадия обработки | Скорость шпинделя (об/мин) | Скорость корма (мм/мин) | Глубина резки (мм) |
| АБС | Грубая | 10,000–12,000 | 1,500–2000 | 0.5–1.0 |
| АБС | Отделка | 15,000–18,000 | 800–1,200 | 0.1–0,3 |
| Алюминиевый сплав | Грубая | 12,000–15,000 | 1,200–1,800 | 0.5–0.8 |
| Алюминиевый сплав | Отделка | 18,000–22,000 | 800–1,000 | 0.1–0,2 |
| Нейлон | Грубая | 8,000–10 000 | 1,000–1,500 | 0.4–0.8 |
| Нейлон | Отделка | 12,000–15,000 | 600–800 | 0.1–0,2 |
(3) Machining Process Monitoring
The first prototype (first piece) requires strict monitoring to catch issues early:
- Проверки размеров: Pause after roughing to measure critical features (НАПРИМЕР., sealing groove width, lid-body gap) with calipers or a micrometer. Adjust the program if tolerance exceeds ±0.1mm.
- Surface Quality Checks: Inspect for tool marks, нормы, or melting (common in ABS/nylon). If tool marks are visible, increase spindle speed by 2,000 об/мин.
- Clamping Stability: Ensure the part doesn’t shift during machining—use vacuum suction cups for flat parts (НАПРИМЕР., aluminum handles) or custom fixtures for curved parts (НАПРИМЕР., pot lids).
4. Пост-обработка & Функциональное тестирование
Post-processing enhances appearance and performance, while functional testing validates if the prototype meets design goals—especially critical for pressure cookers.
(1) Поверхностная обработка
Tailor the treatment to the part’s role and material:
| Часть | Этапы обработки поверхности | Ожидаемый результат |
| ABS Pot Body/Lid | 1. Измельчить с помощью 600# → 1000# наждачная бумага (удалить следы инструмента); 2. Spray primer (30мкм толщиной); 3. Spray matte paint (50мкм толщиной); 4. Oven cure at 60°C for 2 часы | Адгезия краски ≥4B; no peeling or fading |
| Aluminum Alloy Handle | 1. Degrease with isopropyl alcohol; 2. Анодировать (form oxide film); 3. Hand-wire draw along the length | Uniform silver-gray color; Нет царапин |
| Акриловое смотровое окно | 1. Польский с 400# abrasive paste (remove cutting marks); 2. Польский с 1200# paste (achieve transparency); 3. Clean with lens cleaner | Light transmittance ≥90%; no visible defects |
(2) Функциональное тестирование
Assemble internal components (sealing ring, pressure valve, sensor) and simulate real usage:
| Тип теста | Test Method | Pass Standard |
| Тест сжатости | Fill the pot with 500ml water, close the lid, and pressurize to 100kPa (simulate working pressure). Hold for 30 минуты. | No water leakage; pressure drop ≤5kPa in 30 минуты |
| Button Feel Test | Press control buttons 1,000 раз (2 presses/second). Measure stroke (2mm ±0.2mm) and feedback force (5–8N). | Consistent stroke and force; no button jamming |
| Structural Strength Test | Apply 5kg load to the lid (simulate accidental pressure). Hold for 10 минуты. | No deformation; lid-body gap remains ≤0.1mm |
| Heat Resistance Test | Heat the pot to 100°C (simulate cooking) and hold for 2 часы. Cool to room temperature. | No material warping; sealing groove tolerance remains ±0.05mm |
5. Осмотр & Оптимизация
Inspect critical dimensions and iterate on the design to fix defects—this ensures the prototype is ready for mold opening.
(1) Critical Dimension Inspection
Используйте Координировать измерительную машину (ШМ) Чтобы проверить размеры ключей:
- Lid-body mating gap: ± 0,1 мм (ensures sealing)
- Sealing ring groove width: 5мм ±0,05 мм (fits standard sealing rings)
- Threaded hole position (sensor mounting): ± 0,05 мм (avoids assembly interference)
- Handle mounting hole alignment: ≤0.03mm (ensures handle stability)
(2) Дизайн итерация & Оптимизация затрат
If defects are found (НАПРИМЕР., leakage, button jamming), modify the 3D model and reprocess. Use these tips to reduce costs:
- Split Complex Parts: Machine the lid and its holder separately instead of as one piece—cuts machining time by 30% and reduces tool wear.
- Use Hybrid Processes: 3D print small internal parts (НАПРИМЕР., pressure valve covers) with SLS nylon, then CNC machine appearance parts (НАПРИМЕР., pot body) with ABS—lowers material waste by 25%.
- Batch Machining: Для 10+ прототипы, use aluminum profile blanks (pre-cut to approximate size) instead of full blocks—reduces material removal by 40%.
Yigu Technology’s Perspective on Electric Pressure Cooker Prototype CNC Machining
В Yigu Technology, Мы верим sealing performance and structural strength are the core of electric pressure cooker prototype machining. Many clients overspend by using high-cost materials for non-critical parts—e.g., aluminum alloy for internal brackets that only need nylon. Our team selects materials strategically: ABS for appearance parts (рентабельный, easy to finish) and nylon for internal structures (теплостойкий, износостойкий). We also optimize machining for sealing: наш “layered finishing” of sealing grooves ensures Ra ≤0.8μm, and we test tightness three times during production to avoid leakage. Для экономии затрат, мы используем гибридный ЧПУ + 3D printing and batch processing, cutting prototype costs by 20–30%. Our goal is to deliver prototypes that accurately validate design and function, accelerating clients’ path to mass production.
Часто задаваемые вопросы
- Why is nylon (А) used for internal structural parts instead of ABS?
Nylon has better heat resistance (до 120 ° C.) and wear resistance than ABS—critical for internal parts near heating elements or moving components (НАПРИМЕР., pressure valves). ABS melts at ~90°C and wears faster, making it unsuitable for parts that need to withstand high temperatures or repeated use.
- How do you ensure the lid and pot body have a tight seal after CNC machining?
We focus on two key steps: 1) Machining the sealing groove with a Φ3mm ball-head tool to achieve Ra ≤0.8μm (smooth surface reduces leakage risk); 2) Inspecting the lid-body gap with a CMM to ensure tolerance ±0.1mm. We also test tightness with 100kPa pressure—only prototypes with ≤5kPa pressure drop pass.
- How long does it take to CNC machine a single electric pressure cooker prototype?
Total time is ~4–6 days: 1 day for design/data processing, 1–2 days for CNC machining (varies by part complexity), 1 день для постобработки (painting/anodizing), and 1–2 days for assembly/functional testing. Batch production (10+ прототипы) can be shortened to 3–4 days with parallel processing.