1. Pre-CNC Machining: Preliminary Preparation and Design for E-Book Reader Prototypes
Before launching Обработка с ЧПУ for the e-book reader prototype, a comprehensive preparation and design stage is indispensable to lay a solid foundation for subsequent processes. Этот этап следует линейной последовательности, with key details outlined in the table below.
| Этап проектирования | Ключевые требования | Рекомендуемые материалы |
| Анализ спроса на продукцию | Clarify core parameters such as screen ratio (НАПРИМЕР., 6.8-дюйм 16:10), button positions (page-turning keys on both sides), и толщина (targeting 6-9mm for portability); determine functional layouts including battery compartment (for 3000-5000mAh batteries), charging port (Type-C), and interface for external storage. | – |
| 3D Моделирование | Utilize CAD software like SolidWorks, И nx, or Creo to build accurate 3D models. Ensure all details—such as chamfers (C0.5-C1), keyholes (diameter 3-5mm), heat dissipation holes (diameter 1-2mm), and assembly structures—meet design standards. Pay special attention to the draft slope (3°-5°) to avoid mold release issues in later stages. | – |
| Parting Design | Split the 3D model into components including upper shell, lower shell, кнопки, and screen brackets. Design corresponding CNC machining paths for each part. Optimize the structure to reduce difficult-to-machine areas like thin walls (thickness ≥1.5mm to prevent deformation) and sharp edges. | – |
| Выбор материала | Choose materials based on prototype purposes (functional verification or high-end display) and mass production compatibility. | Жилье: Алюминиевый сплав (легкий вес, Хорошая теплопроводность, for high-end models), ABS/PC (бюджетный, Легко обрабатывать, for functional verification); Внутренние компоненты: Engineering plastics like POM (for buttons, Хорошая износостойкость) and acrylic (for screen brackets, transparent and sturdy). |
2. Core CNC Machining Process for E-Book Reader Prototypes
А CNC machining process is the key link in transforming design models into physical prototype parts. It requires strict control over material preparation, clamping, программирование, and cutting to ensure the prototype’s precision and performance.
2.1 Выбор материала и подготовка
The choice of materials directly impacts the prototype’s quality, механизм, и стоимость. The following table compares common materials and their applications:
| Тип материала | Параметры | Требования к обработке | Сценарии приложения |
| Металлические материалы | Aluminum alloy blocks/sheets | Cut into blanks close to the model size; level the surface via milling to ensure clamping stability. | Upper/lower shells of high-end e-book readers (provide good texture and thermal conductivity). |
| Пластиковые материалы | ABS/PC sheets, POM rods | Cut into blanks with a margin of 2-3mm; remove surface burrs before machining. | Housings for functional verification prototypes, кнопки, and internal brackets (бюджетный, легко формировать). |
| Инженерные пластмассы | Acrylic sheets | Use laser cutting for initial blanking; ensure the surface is free of scratches to avoid affecting transparency. | Screen brackets (need to be transparent to match the e-book screen). |
2.2 Clamping and Positioning
Proper clamping and positioning are critical to prevent part displacement during machining. Следуйте этим рекомендациям:
- Fixture Selection: Use precision fixtures such as vises (for metal blocks), vacuum cups (for thin plastic sheets), and custom jigs (for irregular parts like buttons) to secure blanks.
- Symmetrical Parts Handling: For symmetrical components like upper and lower shells, adopt double-sided clamping or design symmetrical machining paths to ensure consistent left-right dimensions.
- Position Calibration: Use a probe to calibrate the blank’s center position and set the machining origin, ensuring the prototype’s overall symmetry (error ≤±0.05mm).
2.3 CNC Programming and Parameter Setting
Scientific programming and parameter setting determine machining efficiency and surface quality. The table below lists key parameters for different materials:
| Материал | Выбор инструмента | Rotational Speed (Rpm) | Скорость корма (мм/мин) | Глубина резки (мм) |
| Алюминиевый сплав | Грубая: φ10mm flat bottom knife; Отделка: φ3mm ball knife | 8000-12000 | 300-600 | Грубая: 1-2; Отделка: 0.1-0.2 |
| ABS/PC | Грубая: φ8mm flat bottom knife; Отделка: φ2mm ball knife | 4000-6000 | 200-400 | Грубая: 0.8-1.5; Отделка: 0.1 |
| Пома | φ5mm flat bottom knife (Высокоскоростная сталь) | 5000-7000 | 250-350 | 0.5-1 (avoid overcutting due to material flexibility) |
Path Planning Principles:
- Prioritize machining the overall outline (НАПРИМЕР., housing outer shape) to determine the part’s basic structure.
- Layer by layer sculpt details such as buttons, логотипы, and textures to avoid tool path crossings.
- For internal structures like battery compartments and circuit board slots, machine from deep to shallow to ensure dimensional accuracy.
2.4 Roughing and Finishing
The two-step process of roughing and finishing ensures both efficiency and precision:
- Грубая: Quickly remove excess material from the blank, leaving a machining margin of 0.5-1mm. Focus on improving efficiency while avoiding excessive cutting force that may cause material deformation.
- Отделка: Use small cutting depth (0.1-0.2мм) and high rotational speed to achieve a surface finish of Ra0.8-Ra3.2. Perform root cleaning on key areas like keyholes and heat dissipation holes to remove residual material and ensure smooth assembly.
2.5 Special Process Treatment
Targeted processing for specific structures ensures the prototype’s functionality:
- Threaded Hole Machining: Use a tap (for M2-M3 small holes) or thread milling cutter (for larger holes) to machine screw holes, ensuring smooth screw installation (no cross-threading).
- Chamfering/Filleting: Achieve uniform chamfering (C0.5-C1) or filleting (R0.5-R1) through toolpath optimization to prevent sharp edges from scratching users.
- Inlay Processing: Reserve a 0.1-0.2mm assembly clearance when machining screen glass troughs to avoid interference during screen installation.
3. Пост-махинация: Surface Treatment and Finishing
After CNC machining, appropriate surface treatment enhances the prototype’s appearance, долговечность, and user experience.
3.1 Deburring and Polishing
- Выслушивание: Use 400-mesh or finer sandpaper to remove machining marks on the part surface; for small holes and gaps, use a file or deburring tool to ensure no burrs remain.
- Полировка: For aluminum alloy parts, perform mechanical polishing or vibration grinding to achieve a smooth surface; Для пластиковых деталей, use a polishing machine with a wool wheel to enhance gloss.
3.2 Surface Treatment by Material Type
Different materials require tailored surface treatment methods, as shown in the table:
| Материал | Метод обработки поверхности | Цель & Эффект |
| Алюминиевый сплав | Песчаная обработка + Анодирование | Sandblasting creates a matte texture (enhancing slip resistance); anodizing provides colors (черный, серебро) and improves abrasion resistance (wear resistance increased by 3-5 раз). |
| ABS/PC | Рисование + Silk Screen | Painting achieves high gloss or matte effects; silk screen prints brand logos, button symbols (НАПРИМЕР., “←” “→” for page turning), and text instructions for user convenience. |
| Акрил | Лазерная гравировка | Creates fine textures (НАПРИМЕР., metal brushing effects) on the surface without affecting transparency, enhancing the prototype’s high-end feel. |
4. Assembly and Testing of E-Book Reader Prototypes
Scientific assembly and strict testing ensure the prototype meets design requirements and user needs.
4.1 Component Assembly Process
Follow this step-by-step assembly sequence:
- Проверка перед сборкой: Verify that all parts (upper/lower shells, кнопки, screen brackets) meet dimensional requirements (Допуск ± 0,1 мм) and have no surface defects.
- Internal Component Installation: Fix the circuit board, батарея, and screen on the internal brackets using screws or buckles; ensure the screen is aligned with the housing cutout (gap ≤0.1mm).
- Shell Assembly: Connect the upper and lower shells with screws (M2-M3) or snaps; check the gap uniformity (gap difference ≤0.05mm) and ensure no looseness.
- Button Installation: Install page-turning buttons and power buttons; adjust the button stroke (0.5-1мм) to ensure a comfortable damping feel.
4.2 Appearance and Performance Inspection
- Appearance Inspection: Проверьте царапины (no visible scratches under 400lux light), color differences (ΔE ≤1.5), and blemishes (не более чем 1 tiny blemish per 10cm²) on the prototype surface.
- Performance Testing:
- Функциональный тест: Verify button responsiveness (no stuck or delayed response), screen display clarity (no light leakage), and battery charging function (charging current stable at 1-2A).
- User Scenario Simulation: Test grip comfort (удерживается за 1 hour without hand fatigue), screen fit (no shaking during page turning), and key feedback (clear tactile sensation).
5. Key Precautions in the CNC Machining Process
To avoid common problems and ensure prototype quality, pay attention to the following:
- Контроль толерантности: CNC machining accuracy can reach ±0.05mm, but reserve reasonable tolerances based on material properties. Например, aluminum alloy parts should account for thermal expansion (tolerance +0.02mm), and plastic parts should consider cooling shrinkage (терпимость -0.03мм).
- Оптимизация затрат: Simplify complex surfaces (НАПРИМЕР., replace curved surfaces with straight lines where possible) to reduce tool change times; use high-speed milling for large flat areas (НАПРИМЕР., housing surfaces) to improve efficiency by 20-30%.
- Material Property Adaptation: Aluminum alloy is prone to deformation, so control cutting temperature (use cutting fluid) and optimize clamping force (Избегайте переоборудования); plastic materials are prone to stress concentration, so allow 5-10 minutes of cooling time after machining to release internal stress.
Точка зрения Yigu Technology
В Yigu Technology, we hold that CNC machining is the core driver of high-quality e-book reader prototype development. It bridges design concepts and physical products, ensuring every detail—from structural precision to surface texture—aligns with user needs. When executing this process, we focus on two core points: material-machinability matching (НАПРИМЕР., choosing aluminum alloy for high-end prototypes to balance texture and thermal conductivity, and ABS for cost-effective functional verification) и оптимизация процесса (НАПРИМЕР., optimizing tool paths to reduce machining time by 15-20% while maintaining precision). By integrating strict quality control into each link—from design to testing—we help clients shorten the prototype development cycle by 20-30% and lay a solid foundation for subsequent mass production. Заглядывая в будущее, we will further apply intelligent technologies (НАПРИМЕР., AI-driven parameter optimization) to enhance machining efficiency and prototype consistency.
Часто задаваемые вопросы
- What factors affect the machining accuracy of CNC machined e-book reader prototypes, and how to control them?
Key factors include material properties (thermal expansion of aluminum alloy, shrinkage of plastic), clamping stability, and programming parameters. To control accuracy: use cutting fluid for aluminum alloy to reduce thermal deformation; adopt vacuum cups for plastic sheets to ensure clamping stability; and optimize rotational speed and feed rate based on material type (НАПРИМЕР., 8000-12000 RPM for aluminum alloy, 4000-6000 RPM для ABS).
- Can the CNC machined e-book reader prototype be directly used for mass production?
Нет. The prototype is mainly for design verification, Функциональное тестирование, and user feedback collection. Для массового производства, it is necessary to optimize the process: replace CNC machining of plastic housings with injection molding (reducing cost by 50-70%) and use stamping for metal parts (повышение эффективности производства 3-5 раз), based on prototype test data.
- How long does it take to complete a CNC machined e-book reader prototype from design to testing?
The cycle depends on design complexity. For a standard prototype (простая структура, ABS housing), занимает 7-10 дни (2-3 days for design, 3-4 days for CNC machining, 1-2 days for surface treatment, 1 day for assembly and testing). For high-end prototypes (aluminum alloy housing, complex surface treatment), the cycle extends to 12-15 дни.