In industries like railway, Автомобиль, и электроника, 3D Печатные детали must resist fire to ensure safety. But not all 3D printing materials can stand up to high temperatures or prevent flame spread. This guide breaks down the top fireproof and flame retardant consumables for 3D printing, helping you choose the right material for your project and avoid common pitfalls like poor heat resistance or non-compliance with industry standards.
1. Key Types of Fireproof & Flame Retardant 3D Printing Consumables
Not all flame retardant materials are the same—each is designed for specific uses, with unique strengths in flame resistance, тепловая стабильность, and compatibility. Below is a detailed comparison of the most widely used options:
| Consumable Name | Базовый материал | Flame Retardancy Rating | Key Performance Metrics | Идеальное применение в промышленности |
| Clariant Exolit Material | PA6/66-GF20FR LS | Ul94 v-0 (down to 0.4mm thickness) | Glow filament ignition temp: 750° C. (3.0ММ толщина); low smoke/toxicity | Железная дорога, Электроника (parts needing strict fire safety) |
| Formlabs Flame Retardant Resin | Фотополимерная смола | Ul94 v-0 (Blue Card certified); passes FAR25.853(а) | HDT: 111° C. (0.45МПА, after 80°C post-curing for 120min); tensile modulus: 3.1Средний балл | Аэрокосмическая, Автомобиль (легкий вес, Высокие детали) |
| Nanovia Rail | Полиамид (Нейлон) | Meets railway non-flammability standards | Contains ceramic flame retardants (stops flame spread); good mechanical strength | Железная дорога (interior parts like panels, скобки) |
| BASF Ultramid B3GM30 SF | Полиамид | Ul94 v-0; halogen/red phosphorus-free | Excellent heat aging resistance; hydrolysis stability | Автомобиль (Компоненты двигателя), Электроника (корпуса) |
2. How to Choose the Right Consumable: A Step-by-Step Checklist
С таким количеством вариантов, picking the wrong material can lead to failed parts or safety risks. Follow this 4-step process to make the right choice:
Шаг 1: Check Industry Standards Compliance
Different industries have strict fire safety rules—your material must meet them to avoid regulatory issues. Например:
- If you’re making railway parts: Choose materials that meet EN45545-2 (railway fire safety) или SMP800-C (like Clariant Exolit or Nanovia Rail).
- Для аэрокосмических частей: Go with options certified to FAR25.853(а) (such as Formlabs Flame Retardant Resin).
- Для электроники: Prioritize materials meeting NFPA130 (includes ASTME162 for flame spread and ASTME662 for smoke toxicity, like Clariant Exolit).
Почему это имеет значение? A part that doesn’t meet standards will be rejected—costing you time and money to reprint.
Шаг 2: Match Material Performance to Your Project’s Needs
Ask yourself two critical questions:
- How much heat will the part face? If it’s near an engine (auto/aviation), pick materials with high HDT (like Formlabs Resin’s 111°C or BASF Ultramid’s heat aging resistance). For parts exposed to open flame (НАПРИМЕР., railway interiors), focus on ignition temperature (Clariant Exolit’s 750°C is a standout).
- Does it need extra properties? If the part is in a humid environment (НАПРИМЕР., automotive undercarriage), BASF Ultramid’s hydrolysis stability is key. Для частей, нуждающихся в силе, Nanovia Rail’s polyamide base offers better durability than resin.
Шаг 3: Ensure Compatibility with Your 3D Printer
Not all flame retardant materials work with every printer type. Here’s a quick compatibility guide:
- FDM принтеры: Use Clariant Exolit (PA6/66-GF20FR LS), Nanovia Rail (полиамид), or BASF Ultramid B3GM30 SF (полиамид)—these are filament-based.
- Принтеры SLA/DLP: Only Formlabs Flame Retardant Resin works here (it’s a photopolymer resin, not a filament).
Для чаевого: If you’re using an FDM printer, adjust the nozzle temperature—polyamide-based flame retardant materials need 240–260°C (10–20°C higher than standard PLA).
Шаг 4: Compare Cost vs. Ценить
Flame retardant consumables cost more than standard materials, but you don’t need to overspend. Here’s a cost breakdown (за кг, приблизительно):
- Clariant Exolit Material: \(80- )100
- Formlabs Flame Retardant Resin: \(120- )150 (resin is typically pricier than filament)
- Nanovia Rail: \(70- )90
- BASF Ultramid B3GM30 SF: \(90- )110
Choose the material that meets your performance needs without exceeding your budget. Например, if you’re making low-volume railway brackets, Nanovia Rail offers good value; for high-precision aerospace parts, Formlabs Resin is worth the investment.
3. Общие проблемы & Solutions for Using Flame Retardant Consumables
Even the best materials can cause issues if not used correctly. Below are the top problems and how to fix them:
| Испытание | Причина | Решение |
| Poor Layer Adhesion (FDM Печать) | Flame retardant additives reduce material flexibility | Increase bed temperature by 5–10°C (to 80–90°C for polyamide); slow print speed by 10% |
| Brittle Parts (Resin Printing) | Over-curing flame retardant resin | Shorten post-curing time by 20–30% (from 120min to 80–90min); lower post-curing temperature to 70°C |
| Inconsistent Flame Resistance | Incorrect print settings (НАПРИМЕР., толщина слоя) | Use layer thickness ≤0.2mm (thinner layers improve flame retardant uniformity); follow the manufacturer’s recommended print profile |
4. Перспектива Yigu Technology
В Yigu Technology, we see fireproof and flame retardant 3D printing consumables as a critical enabler for safe, industry-compliant manufacturing. Many clients struggle with balancing flame resistance, printability, and cost—our advice is to prioritize standards first (НАПРИМЕР., EN45545-2 for railway) then align material choice with printer type and project needs. We’re also exploring partnerships to integrate these consumables with our AI-driven 3D printing process optimization tools, which will auto-adjust settings for better layer adhesion and consistent flame resistance. As industries demand stricter safety rules, these consumables will become even more essential—and we’re committed to making their use simpler and more cost-effective.
5. Часто задаваемые вопросы: Ответы на распространенные вопросы
1 квартал: Can flame retardant 3D printing consumables be recycled?
А1: Да, но с ограничениями. Filament-based options (like Clariant Exolit, Nanovia Rail) can be recycled 2–3 times if they’re clean (no debris). Смолы (like Formlabs) are harder to recycle—look for specialized resin recycling services to reduce waste.
2 квартал: Do flame retardant parts lose their fire resistance over time?
А2: Not if stored correctly. Keep parts away from direct sunlight (UV rays break down flame retardant additives) and high humidity (can reduce hydrolysis stability). Most flame retardant parts retain their performance for 5–7 years under normal conditions.
Q3: Can I mix flame retardant consumables with standard materials?
А3: No—mixing will reduce flame resistance. Например, blending 10% standard PA6 with Clariant Exolit will drop the UL94 rating from V-0 to V-2, making the part non-compliant. Always use 100% flame retardant material for safety-critical parts.