If you’re tackling European projects that demand resistance to both high temperatures and corrosion—like coastal power plant boilers, offshore petrochemical reactors, or sour gas storage tanks—EN 13CrMo4-5 pressure vessel steel is your most reliable choice. As a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel in the EN 10028-2 стандартный, it combines 0.70–1.10% chromium (Для защиты от коррозии) and 0.45–0.65% molybdenum (Для теплостойкости) to outperform non-alloyed grades like EN P355GH. This guide breaks down its properties, реальные приложения, Процесс производства, and material comparisons to help you solve harsh-environment equipment challenges.
1. Material Properties of EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
EN 13CrMo4-5’s dual-alloy design is what makes it stand out: chromium fights rust and oxidation, while molybdenum prevents slow deformation (слизняк) При высоких температурах. Давайте подробно рассмотрим его ключевые свойства.
1.1 Химический состав
EN 13CrMo4-5 follows strict EN 10028-2 стандарты, with precise control over alloy elements to ensure performance in harsh conditions. Ниже его типичная композиция (Для тарелок ≤ 60 мм толщиной):
| Элемент | Символ | Контент диапазон (%) | Ключевая роль |
|---|---|---|---|
| Углерод (В) | В | 0.12 - 0.18 | Boosts strength; kept low to preserveсварка (critical for thick vessel walls) |
| Марганец (Мнжен) | Мнжен | 0.40 - 0.70 | Улучшаетпредел прочности without reducing high-temperatureпластичность |
| Кремний (И) | И | 0.10 - 0.35 | Helps remove oxygen during steelmaking; stabilizes the structure at 500–600 °C |
| Фосфор (П) | П | ≤ 0.025 | Minimized to avoid brittle fracture in cold or cyclic heat (НАПРИМЕР., winter boiler startup) |
| Сера (С) | С | ≤ 0.015 | Strictly controlled to prevent weld defects (like hot cracking) in humid coastal air |
| Хром (Герметичный) | Герметичный | 0.70 - 1.10 | Core anti-corrosion element; сопротивляется соленой воде, steam oxidation, and mild sour gas |
| Молибден (МО) | МО | 0.45 - 0.65 | Prevents creep deformation at high temperatures (500–600 ° C.), critical for long-running equipment |
| Никель (В) | В | ≤ 0.30 | Trace element; improves low-temperatureвоздействие на выносливость (вплоть до -20 ° C.) |
| Ванадий (V.) | V. | ≤ 0.03 | Trace element; refines grain structure to boostfatigue limit under repeated heat cycles |
| Медь (Кузок) | Кузок | ≤ 0.30 | Trace element; adds extra resistance to atmospheric corrosion for outdoor tanks |
1.2 Физические свойства
These traits make EN 13CrMo4-5 ideal for European environments like coastal regions or industrial zones:
- Плотность: 7.87 G/CM³ (slightly higher than non-alloy steels due to chromium/molybdenum)—easy to calculate weight for large vessels (НАПРИМЕР., 15-meter diameter reactors)
- Точка плавления: 1,400 - 1,440 ° C. (2,552 - 2,624 ° F.)—works with standard welding methods (Тиг, ПИЛА) used in European fabrication shops
- Теплопроводность: 42.0 W/(м · к) в 20 ° C.; 36.5 W/(м · к) в 550 °C—ensures even heat spread in boilers, reducing hot spots that cause stress
- Коэффициент термического расширения: 11.7 × 10⁻⁶/° C. (20 - 550 ° C.)—minimizes damage from temperature swings (НАПРИМЕР., 20 °C to 550 °C in boiler operation)
- Магнитные свойства: Ferromagnetic—lets you use non-destructive testing (Непрерывный) like magnetic particle inspection to find hidden weld defects.
1.3 Механические свойства
EN 13CrMo4-5’s mandatory heat treatment (normalization + отпуск) ensures consistent performance. Ниже приведены типичные значения (для 10028-2):
| Свойство | Measurement Method | Типичное значение (20 ° C.) | Типичное значение (550 ° C.) | EN Standard Minimum (20 ° C.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Твердость (Роквелл) | HRB | 80 - 95 HRB | N/a | N/a (контролируется, чтобы избежать хрупки) |
| Твердость (Виккерс) | Hv. | 160 - 190 Hv. | N/a | N/a |
| Предел прочности | МПА | 480 - 620 МПА | 340 - 440 МПА | 480 МПА |
| Урожайность | МПА | 290 - 410 МПА | 190 - 260 МПА | 290 МПА |
| Удлинение | % (в 50 мм) | 22 - 28% | N/a | 22% |
| Воздействие на выносливость | Дж (в -20 ° C.) | ≥ 45 Дж | N/a | ≥ 27 Дж |
| Fatigue Limit | МПА (rotating beam) | 200 - 240 МПА | 150 - 190 МПА | N/a (tested per project needs) |
1.4 Другие свойства
EN 13CrMo4-5’s unique traits solve common harsh-environment problems:
- Сварка: Good—needs preheating to 200–300 °C (to avoid chromium-induced cracks) and low-hydrogen electrodes (НАПРИМЕР., E8018-B3), but produces strong, коррозионные сварные швы.
- Формируемость: Moderate—can be bent into curved boiler shells or reactor walls (with controlled heating) without losing alloy benefits.
- Коррозионная стойкость: Excellent—resists saltwater (coastal Europe), steam oxidation (котлы), and mild sour gas (до 15% H₂S) without extra coatings.
- Пластичность: High—absorbs sudden pressure spikes (НАПРИМЕР., in petrochemical reactors) не сломавшись, a key safety feature.
- Стойкость: Reliable—works at -20 ° C. (Scandinavian winters) и 600 ° C. (continuous boiler use), outperforming single-alloy steels like EN 16Mo3.
2. Applications of EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
EN 13CrMo4-5’s dual resistance (нагревать + коррозия) makes it a top choice for European projects in harsh environments. Here are its key uses:
- Суда давления: Offshore sour gas reactors and high-temperature chemical vessels—handles 10,000–16,000 psi and mild H₂S, compliant with EN 13445.
- Boilers: Coastal power plant steam generators (НАПРИМЕР., in the UK, Netherlands)—resists saltwater corrosion and creep at 550–600 °C.
- Резервуары для хранения: High-temperature hot oil or molten sulfur tanks—its heat resistance prevents deformation, while corrosion resistance avoids rust.
- Petrochemical Plants: Heat exchangers and catalytic crackers in coastal refineries (НАПРИМЕР., Italy, France)—resists steam oxidation and salt air, сокращение затрат на техническое обслуживание.
- Промышленное оборудование: Offshore high-pressure steam valves and turbine casings—used in North Sea oil platforms for reliable service in stormy, соленые условия.
- Строительство и инфраструктура: Coastal district heating pipelines—carries 120–180 °C water, resisting saltwater corrosion without expensive coatings.
3. Manufacturing Techniques for EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
Producing EN 13CrMo4-5 requires precise control over alloy content and heat treatment to unlock its full potential. Вот пошаговый процесс:
- Сталь:
- Made using an Электрическая дуговая печь (Eaf) (recycles scrap steel, aligning with EU sustainability goals) или Основная кислородная печь (Боф). Chromium and molybdenum are added during melting to hit the 0.70–1.10% and 0.45–0.65% ranges—critical for alloy performance.
- Прокатывание:
- The steel is Горячий катился (1,180 - 1,280 ° C.) into plates of varying thicknesses (6 мм до 100+ мм). Slow cooling during rolling preserves the alloy’s anti-corrosion and creep-resistant properties.
- Термическая обработка (Mandatory Normalization + Отпуск):
- Normalization: Plates are heated to 900 - 960 ° C., held for 45–90 minutes (based on thickness), then air-cooled. This evens out the microstructure for consistent strength.
- Отпуск: Immediately after normalization, plates are reheated to 600 - 680 ° C., held for 60–120 minutes, then air-cooled. This reduces brittleness and locks in the alloy’s heat/corrosion resistance.
- Обработка & Отделка:
- Plates are cut with plasma or laser tools (low heat input to avoid damaging the alloy) to fit vessel sizes. Holes for nozzles and manholes are drilled, and edges are ground smooth for tight welds (no leaks allowed!).
- Поверхностная обработка:
- Покрытие (Необязательный):
- Aluminum Diffusion Coating: For ultra-high-heat projects (＞600 °C)—boosts creep resistance.
- Epoxy Liners: For sour gas vessels with ＞15% H₂S—adds extra corrosion protection, compliant with EU REACH.
- Рисование: For outdoor equipment—low-VOC, weather-resistant paint to meet EU environmental regulations.
- Покрытие (Необязательный):
- Контроль качества:
- Химический анализ: Use mass spectrometry to check chromium and molybdenum levels (must hit EN ranges).
- Механическое тестирование: Conduct tensile, влияние (-20 ° C.), and creep tests (550 ° C.) для 10028-2.
- Непрерывный: Ultrasonic phased array testing (100% of plate area) finds internal defects; radiographic testing checks all welds.
- Hydrostatic Testing: Finished vessels are filled with water (heated to 80 ° C.) and pressed to 1.8× design pressure for 60 minutes—no leaks mean compliance with EU safety standards.
4. Тематические исследования: EN 13CrMo4-5 in Action
Real European projects show how EN 13CrMo4-5 solves harsh-environment challenges.
Тематическое исследование 1: North Sea Offshore Boiler (Norway)
An oil company needed a boiler for a North Sea offshore platform (200 km from shore) to generate steam for oil extraction. The boiler operates at 580 ° C и 15,000 пса, with constant exposure to saltwater and stormy air. They chose EN 13CrMo4-5 plates (50 мм толщиной) for its corrosion and creep resistance. После 10 Годы работы, the boiler has zero rust or deformation—even after surviving 12 major storms. This project saved the company $400,000 против. using stainless steel.
Тематическое исследование 2: Coastal Petrochemical Reactor (Italy)
A refinery in Venice needed a reactor to process mild sour gas (12% H₂S) в 550 ° C.. They selected EN 13CrMo4-5 welded plates (35 мм толщиной) for its anti-corrosion properties. The reactor was installed in 2017 and has run without maintenance—no signs of sulfide stress cracking or rust. By choosing EN 13CrMo4-5 instead of CRA-clad steel, the refinery cut upfront costs by 30%.
5. EN 13CrMo4-5 vs. Другие материалы
How does EN 13CrMo4-5 compare to other pressure vessel steels?
| Материал | Similarities to EN 13CrMo4-5 | Ключевые различия | Лучше всего для |
|---|---|---|---|
| EN 16Mo3 | В 10028-2 Сплава Сталь | No chromium; poor corrosion resistance; 20% дешевле | Inland high-heat projects (no saltwater) |
| EN P355GH | EN pressure vessel steel | No alloying; poor creep/corrosion resistance; 40% дешевле | Inland medium-heat projects (≤ 450 ° C.) |
| SA387 Grade 11 | Alloy steel for high temps | Higher molybdenum (0.90–1,10%); better creep; worse corrosion; 15% pricier | Inland ultra-high-heat projects (＞600 °C) |
| 316L из нержавеющей стали | Коррозионная устойчивость | Excellent corrosion; poor creep above 500 ° C.; 3× more expensive | Coastal low-heat vessels (≤ 500 ° C.) |
| SA516 Grade 70 | ASME carbon steel | No alloying; poor creep/corrosion; ASME standard | Inland warm-climate projects (no harsh conditions) |
Yigu Technology’s Perspective on EN 13CrMo4-5
В Yigu Technology, EN 13CrMo4-5 is our top recommendation for European coastal or high-corrosion high-heat projects. Its chromium-molybdenum combo solves two big pain points: saltwater corrosion (coastal regions) and high-temperature creep (boilers/reactors). We supply custom-thickness plates (6–100 мм) with optional aluminum coating or epoxy liners, tailored to client needs—e.g., North Sea projects get extra corrosion testing. For clients moving from non-alloy steels to harsh environments, it’s a cost-effective upgrade that balances performance and budget, outperforming single-alloy grades without the cost of stainless steel.
FAQ About EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
- Can EN 13CrMo4-5 be used for sour gas with more than 15% H₂S?
Yes—but add extra protection. Use an epoxy liner or CRA cladding (НАПРИМЕР., 316L stainless steel) to prevent sulfide stress cracking. Always test the material per EN 13445 sour service requirements first. - Is EN 13CrMo4-5 harder to weld than EN P355GH?
Yes—slightly. It needs preheating to 200–300 °C (против. 150 °C for EN P355GH) and low-hydrogen electrodes (like E8018-B3). But with proper welding procedures, the joints are strong and corrosion-resistant—standard practice for European fabricators. - Does EN 13CrMo4-5 meet EU CE marking for offshore equipment?
Yes—if produced to EN 10028-2 and tested for corrosion and creep (для 13445 offshore rules). Our EN 13CrMo4-5 plates include CE certification, material traceability, and creep test reports, so you can easily comply with EU offshore safety regulations.
