What Is the Cost of CNC Machining a Part? Подробный срыв

If you’re planning to manufacture parts via CNC machining, the first question you’ll likely ask is: How much will it cost? The cost of CNC machining a part isn’t fixed—it depends on factors like material choice, время обработки, и частично сложность. This guide breaks down every key cost driver, provides real-world examples, and shares tips to optimize expenses.

1. 7 Core Factors That Determine the Cost of CNC Machining a Part

The total cost of a CNC-machined part is a sum of multiple components. Ниже приведен подробный разбив каждого фактора, with specific numbers and comparisons to help you estimate:

(1) Стоимость материала

Material cost is calculated based on the weight or volume части. Different materials have huge price differences, directly impacting the base cost. Here’s a reference for common metal materials:

Пример: A 0.5kg aluminum alloy part has a material cost of 25–50 RMB (50–100 RMB/kg × 0.5kg).

(2) Machining Time Cost

Machining time is the most critical factor in CNC cost, as equipment and labor are charged hourly. It includes three parts:

• Programming time: 0.5–2 hours for simple parts (НАПРИМЕР., a basic block); над 5 hours for complex parts (НАПРИМЕР., parts with curved surfaces or tight tolerances).
• Actual machining time: Depends on part size, Скорость резки, and tool path. A small aluminum part may take 1–2 hours, while a large stainless steel part could take 5–10 hours.
• Зажим & tool change time: 0.2–1 hour per part; multiple clampings (НАПРИМЕР., for multi-sided machining) can double this time.

Equipment is typically charged hourly, with prices varying by type:

• Ordinary CNC machines: 50–100 RMB/hour
• High-end CNC machines (НАПРИМЕР., 5-axis linkage): 100–300 RMB/hour

(3) Амортизация оборудования & Обслуживание

CNC machines are expensive (tens of thousands to millions of RMB), so depreciation costs are included in quotes (usually spread over 5–10 years). Кроме того, maintenance costs—such as tool wear (10–50 RMB per tool change) and lubricating oil (50–200 RMB per month)—add 5–15% to the total cost.

(4) Labor Cost

Labor cost covers operators, programmers, and quality inspectors, charged at 50–100 RMB/hour (varies by region and skill level). For a part that takes 3 часы до машины, labor cost ranges from 150–300 RMB.

(5) Стоимость постобработки

Most CNC parts need post-processing to meet functional or aesthetic needs. Common processes and their costs:

(6) Часть сложности & Точность

Complexity and precision directly increase machining time and skill requirements:

• Простые части (НАПРИМЕР., block structures with no curved surfaces): Lower cost—50–100 RMB per part.
• Сложные части (НАПРИМЕР., тонкие стены <2мм, Изогнутые поверхности, or tolerances ±0.01mm): Higher cost—200–1,000 RMB per part. Например, a high-precision stainless steel part with tight tolerances can cost 3x more than a simple aluminum part of the same size.

(7) Заказать объем

Batch processing unlocks discounts, as fixed costs (НАПРИМЕР., программирование, настраивать) are spread across more parts. Here’s how volume affects unit cost:

2. Typical Cost Ranges for CNC-Machined Parts

Сделать смету более конкретной, вот разбивка типичных цен в зависимости от сложности детали:

Реальные примеры:

• Простая алюминиевая деталь весом 0,5 кг. (низкая сложность): 50–100 юаней
• Сложная деталь из нержавеющей стали весом 1 кг. (высокая точность): 500–1000 юаней

3. 2 Practical Methods to Estimate CNC Machining Costs

Рассчитать стоимость детали с ЧПУ можно по двум распространённым формулам.. Ниже приведены пошаговые примеры для каждого:

Метод 1: Calculate by Machining Time

Формула: Общая стоимость = (Equipment Hourly Fee + Labor Hourly Fee) × Machining Time + Стоимость материала + Стоимость постобработки

Пример:

• Equipment hourly fee: 100 RMB/hour (ordinary CNC machine)
• Labor hourly fee: 50 RMB/hour
• Machining time: 3 часы (программирование: 1 час + actual machining: 2 часы)
• Стоимость материала: 50 юаней (1kg carbon steel × 50 RMB/kg)
• Post-processing cost: 100 юаней (Анодирование)

Общая стоимость = (100 + 50) × 3 + 50 + 100 = 150 × 3 + 150 = 450 + 150 = 600 юаней

Метод 2: Calculate by Material Weight/Volume

Формула: Общая стоимость = (Material Unit Price × Part Weight) + Machining Fee + Стоимость постобработки

Пример:

• Material unit price: 80 RMB/kg (алюминиевый сплав)
• Вес детали: 0.5kg → Material cost: 80 × 0.5 = 40 юаней
• Machining fee: 300 юаней (includes equipment, труд, and depreciation)
• Post-processing cost: 50 юаней (бурение)

Общая стоимость = 40 + 300 + 50 = 390 юаней

4. 5 Proven Tips to Reduce CNC Machining Costs

You don’t have to compromise on quality to lower costs. Try these strategies:

1. Оптимизация конструкции детали: Reduce material use (НАПРИМЕР., add hollow structures for lightweighting) and simplify geometry (НАПРИМЕР., replace curved surfaces with straight lines) to cut material and machining time costs by 10–30%.
2. Increase order volume: Batch orders of 50+ pieces can lower unit costs by 20–40% (as shown in the Order Volume table above).
3. Choose cost-effective materials: Use aluminum alloy instead of stainless steel for non-rust-resistant parts, or carbon steel instead of copper for non-conductive parts—saving 20–50% on material costs.
4. Minimize post-processing: Avoid unnecessary steps (НАПРИМЕР., skip polishing for internal, non-visible surfaces) to reduce post-processing costs by 10–25%.
5. Negotiate with suppliers: Clarify precision requirements (НАПРИМЕР., use ±0.05mm tolerance instead of ±0.01mm if possible) to avoid overpaying for unneeded accuracy.

Перспектива технологии Yigu на затраты на обработку ЧПУ

В Yigu Technology, мы нашли это design optimization and order volume are the most underutilized cost-saving tools для обработки с ЧПУ. Many clients initially submit overcomplex designs (НАПРИМЕР., unnecessary thin walls) or small orders, leading to higher costs. Our team works with clients to simplify designs—for example, replacing multi-clamping setups with single-step machining—to cut time by 15–25%. We also help aggregate small orders into batches (НАПРИМЕР., Объединение 5 clients’ 10-piece orders into a 50-piece batch) to unlock 20–30% discounts. Кроме того, we recommend material substitutions based on actual needs (НАПРИМЕР., aluminum alloy for non-heavy-duty parts) to reduce material costs without sacrificing performance. Для большинства клиентов, these steps lower total costs by 20–40%.

Часто задаваемые вопросы

1. Why does a 5-axis CNC machine cost more per hour than an ordinary CNC machine?

5-axis CNC machines offer higher precision and can machine complex parts in one setup (против. multiple setups for ordinary machines). They require more advanced technology, higher maintenance costs, and skilled operators—all of which contribute to the higher hourly fee (100–300 RMB/hour vs. 50–100 RMB/hour).

2. How much does post-processing add to the total cost of a CNC part?

Post-processing typically adds 10–30% to the total cost. Например, а 200 RMB aluminum part with anodizing (50–200 RMB) will have a total cost of 250–400 RMB—with post-processing accounting for 20–50% of the additional cost. Термическая обработка (100–500 RMB) can add even more for high-strength parts.

3. Can I get a fixed quote for CNC machining a part?

Yes—for simple, standardized parts (НАПРИМЕР., spacers, скобки), most suppliers will provide a fixed quote that includes all costs (материал, обработка, пост-обработка). Для сложных частей, suppliers may need a 3D model or technical drawing to calculate machining time and provide an accurate fixed quote.