Nothing is more frustrating than finishing a 3D print—only to find its surface bumpy, многослойный, or uneven. Whether you’re making a prototype, a decorative piece, or a functional part, smoothness matters for both look and performance. Хорошие новости? Most surface issues aren’t hard to fix. This article breaks down 3 core solutions (выбор материала, настройки печати, после лечения) to turn rough prints into smooth, Профессиональные результаты.
1. Choose Materials That Boost Surface Smoothness
The right filament is the foundation of a smooth print. Using materials ill-suited for your project often leads to grainy or uneven surfaces. Below is a comparison of 3 common filaments—focused on their surface quality and ease of use:
| Тип нити | Поверхностная плавность (1=Rough, 5=Smooth) | Лучше всего для | Key Tip for Smoothness |
| Плата | 3–4 | Прототипы, игрушки, декоративные детали | Use high-quality PLA (avoid cheap brands) to reduce stringing. |
| АБС | 4–5 | Функциональные части (НАПРИМЕР., Телефонные чехлы) | Print in an enclosed printer to prevent warping (warping causes uneven surfaces). |
| Петг | 4–5 | Durable parts (НАПРИМЕР., бутылки с водой) | Dry the filament first—moisture causes bubbles on the surface. |
Common Question: Why does my PLA print still look rough?
PLA is easy to print, but low-quality PLA (под \(20 за кг) often has impurities. These impurities melt unevenly, leaving tiny bumps. Upgrading to mid-range PLA (\)25–$30 per kg) can instantly improve surface smoothness.
2. Optimize Print Settings to Eliminate Roughness
Even the best filament will produce a bad print if your settings are off. Two critical settings—скорость печати и высота слоя—are the main culprits behind uneven surfaces. Let’s break down how to adjust them:
2.1 Slow Down Print Speed (А #1 Fix for Bumps)
Printing too fast (over 60mm/s for most filaments) causes the printer’s nozzle to move before the plastic fully melts and adheres. Это приводит к:
- Разделение слоя (visible lines between layers)
- Строка (тонкие пластиковые пряди между частями)
- Blobby surfaces
Решение: Use this speed guide based on filament type:
| Нити | Recommended Speed Range | Result of Following This Guide |
| Плата | 40–50 мм/с | 50% более гладкая поверхность; less stringing |
| АБС | 35–45mm/s | Reduced warping; even layer adhesion |
| Петг | 30–40mm/s | Нет пузырьков; Глянцевая отделка |
2.2 Lower Layer Height for Fine Details
Layer height is the thickness of each plastic layer the printer deposits. A large layer height (over 0.2mm) makes layers visible—like stacking thin pancakes with gaps. A small layer height (0.1–0.15 мм) creates a seamless surface.
Пример: If you’re printing a figurine (where smoothness matters), set layer height to 0.12mm. For a simple storage bin (where function matters more), 0.2mm is okay. The tradeoff? Smaller layer heights add ~10–20% to print time—but the smoothness is worth it.
3. После лечения: Turn Good Prints Into Great Ones
Even with perfect materials and settings, some prints need a final touch to be fully smooth. Ниже 3 easy post-treatment methods—ranked by effort and results:
3.1 Шлифование (Most Accessible Method)
Sanding is the simplest way to smooth rough surfaces. Следуйте этим шагам:
- Начните с 120-Грит наждачная бумага to remove large bumps (НАПРИМЕР., слои линии).
- Перейти к 240-Грит наждачная бумага to refine the surface (reduces scratches from 120-grit).
- Закончить с 400-Грит наждачная бумага for a near-mirror finish (great for decorative parts).
Для чаевого: Песок в круговых движениях, and use water (wet sanding) for PLA/PETG—it reduces dust and makes the surface smoother.
3.2 Полировка (For a Glossy Look)
После шлифования, polishing adds shine. For PLA/ABS/PETG:
- Используйте plastic polish (НАПРИМЕР., Новус Польский) or even toothpaste (non-gel, белый).
- Apply a small amount to a microfiber cloth and rub in circular motions for 2–3 minutes.
- Wipe off excess polish—you’ll see a glossy, гладкая поверхность.
3.3 Рисование (Covers Imperfections)
If sanding/polishing isn’t enough, painting hides small flaws. Используйте эти шаги:
- Clean the print with isopropyl alcohol to remove dust.
- Применить праймер (НАПРИМЕР., Krylon Fusion for Plastic)—primer fills tiny gaps and helps paint stick.
- Paint with acrylic or spray paint (2–3 thin coats, нет 1 thick coat—thick paint drips).
Перспектива Yigu Technology
В Yigu Technology, we often hear users say “my 3D print isn’t smooth”—and 90% того времени, the issue is a mix of material choice and speed. Our printers come with pre-set “smooth mode” profiles for PLA/ABS/PETG, which adjust speed (40–50 мм/с) and layer height (0.15мм) automatically. We also recommend starting with ABS or PETG for functional parts—their higher melting points create more consistent layers than PLA. Помнить: smooth printing isn’t about expensive tools—it’s about matching materials, настройки, and post-treatment to your project.
Часто задаваемые вопросы
- Q.: My ABS print has a smooth surface but warps—how do I fix both?
А: Деформация (подъем краев) happens because ABS cools too fast. Print in an enclosed printer (ловушки тепла) and set the bed temperature to 100–110°C. This keeps the print flat и maintains surface smoothness.
- Q.: Can I get a smooth surface without sanding?
А: Да! Use a “layer adhesion” setting in your slicer (НАПРИМЕР., Cura’s “Wall Line Count”)—increasing wall lines (от 2 к 4) makes the outer surface denser and smoother, Никакого шлифования не требуется.
- Q.: Why does my PETG print have tiny bubbles on the surface?
А: PETG absorbs moisture from the air. Dry the filament in a filament dryer (40–50°C for 4–6 hours) before printing—this removes moisture and eliminates bubbles.