EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel: Sifat, Penggunaan & Panduan Pembuatan

If you work on European high-temperature, high-corrosion pressure projects—like coastal power plant boilers, offshore petrochemical reactors, or sour gas pipelines—you need a steel that resists both creep and rust.EN 13CrMo4-5 pressure vessel steel is the premium solution: as a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel in EN 10028-2, its 0.70–1.10% chromium and 0.45–0.65% molybdenum deliver unbeatable heat stability and corrosion resistance, outperforming non-alloyed grades like EN P355GH. This guide breaks down its properties, Penggunaan dunia nyata, proses pembuatan, and material comparisons to help you solve harsh-environment equipment challenges.

1. Material Properties of EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel

EN 13CrMo4-5’s performance comes from its dual-alloy design—chromium fights corrosion, while molybdenum resists creep—paired with strict heat treatment. Mari kita meneroka sifat utamanya secara terperinci.

1.1 Komposisi kimia

EN 13CrMo4-5 adheres to EN 10028-2, with chromium and molybdenum as core elements for harsh conditions. Berikut adalah komposisi biasa (untuk plat ≤ 60 mm tebal):

1.2 Sifat fizikal

These traits make EN 13CrMo4-5 ideal for European harsh environments:

• Ketumpatan: 7.87 g/cm³ (slightly higher than non-alloyed steels due to chromium/molybdenum; easy to calculate vessel weight)
• Titik lebur: 1,400 - 1,440 ° C. (2,552 - 2,624 ° f)—compatible with advanced welding processes (TIG, Melihat) for coastal projects
• Kekonduksian terma: 42.0 W/(m · k) pada 20 ° C.; 36.5 W/(m · k) pada 550 °C—ensures even heat distribution in boilers, reducing hot spots
• Pekali pengembangan haba: 11.7 × 10⁻⁶/° C. (20 - 550 ° C.)—minimizes damage from extreme heat cycles (Mis., 20 °C to 550 ° C.)
• Sifat magnet: Ferromagnetic—enables non-destructive testing (Ndt) like ultrasonic phased array to detect hidden defects in corrosion-prone areas.

1.3 Sifat mekanikal

EN 13CrMo4-5’s normalization-and-tempering heat treatment ensures consistent performance in harsh conditions. Di bawah adalah nilai biasa (untuk 10028-2):

1.4 Sifat lain

EN 13CrMo4-5’s traits solve key challenges for harsh-environment projects:

• Kebolehkalasan: Good—requires preheating to 200–300 °C (to avoid chromium-induced weld cracks) and low-hydrogen electrodes, but produces corrosion-resistant joints.
• Kebolehbaburan: Moderate—can be bent into boiler shells or reactor curves (with controlled heating) without losing alloy benefits.
• Rintangan kakisan: Excellent—resists saltwater (coastal Europe), steam oxidation (dandang), and mild sour gas (hingga 15% H₂s); no extra coating needed for most coastal projects.
• Kemuluran: High—absorbs pressure spikes in high-heat reactors without fracturing, a critical safety feature.
• Ketangguhan: Reliable—maintains strength at -20 ° C. (cold-region startup) dan 600 ° C. (continuous operation), outperforming single-alloy steels like EN 16Mo3.

2. Applications of EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel

EN 13CrMo4-5’s dual-alloy 优势 makes it a staple in European harsh-environment equipment. Here are its key uses:

• Boilers: Coastal power plant steam generators—operates at 550–600 °C, resisting saltwater corrosion from nearby oceans (Mis., UK, Netherlands).
• Kapal tekanan: Offshore petrochemical reactors and sour gas storage vessels—handles 10,000–16,000 psi and mild H₂S, compliant with EN 13445.
• Petrochemical Plants: Heat exchangers and catalytic crackers in coastal refineries—resists steam oxidation and salt air, reducing maintenance.
• Tangki simpanan: High-temperature hot oil or molten sulfur tanks—its heat resistance prevents deformation, while corrosion resistance avoids rust.
• Peralatan perindustrian: Offshore high-pressure steam valves and turbine casings—used in North Sea oil platforms for reliable harsh-environment service.
• Pembinaan dan Infrastruktur: Coastal district heating pipelines—carries 120–180 °C water, resisting saltwater corrosion without extra coating.

3. Manufacturing Techniques for EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel

Producing EN 13CrMo4-5 requires precise control over chromium/molybdenum and heat treatment. Inilah proses langkah demi langkah:

1. Pembuatan keluli:
   • Made using an Relau arka elektrik (EAF) (aligns with EU sustainability goals) atau Relau oksigen asas (Bof). Chromium (0.70-1.10%) dan Molybdenum (0.45–0.65%) are added during melting to ensure alloy uniformity.
2. Bergulir:
   • The steel is Hot Rolled (1,180 - 1,280 ° C.) into plates (6 mm ke 100+ mm tebal). Hot rolling uses slow cooling to preserve the alloy’s anti-corrosion and creep-resistant properties.
3. Rawatan haba (Mandatory Normalization + Pembiakan):
   • Normalization: Plates heated to 900 - 960 ° C., held 45–90 minutes (based on thickness), then air-cooled—evens out microstructure.
   • Pembiakan: Reheated to 600 - 680 ° C., held 60–120 minutes, then air-cooled—reduces brittleness and locks in alloy benefits.
4. Pemesinan & Penamat:
   • Plates cut with plasma/laser tools (low heat input to avoid alloy damage) to fit vessel sizes. Holes for nozzles are drilled, edges ground smooth for tight welds.
5. Rawatan permukaan:
   • Salutan (Pilihan):
     • Aluminum Diffusion Coating: For ultra-high-heat boilers (＞600 °C)—enhances creep resistance.
     • Epoxy Liners: For sour gas vessels (＞15% H₂S)—adds extra corrosion protection, compliant with EU REACH.
   • Lukisan: For outdoor equipment—low-VOC, weather-resistant paint to meet EU environmental standards.
6. Kawalan kualiti:
   • Analisis kimia: Mass spectrometry verifies chromium/molybdenum content (critical for alloy performance).
   • Ujian mekanikal: Tegangan, kesan (-20 ° C.), and creep tests (550 ° C.) untuk 10028-2.
   • Ndt: Ultrasonic phased array (100% plate area) and radiographic testing (welds) to detect defects.
   • Hydrostatic Testing: Vessels pressure-tested (1.8× design pressure, 80 °C water) untuk 60 minutes—no leaks = EU compliance.

4. Kajian kes: EN 13CrMo4-5 in Action

Real European projects showcase EN 13CrMo4-5’s harsh-environment reliability.

Kajian kes 1: North Sea Offshore Boiler (Norway)

An oil company needed a boiler for a North Sea offshore platform (200 km from shore), beroperasi di 580 ° C dan 15,000 psi. They chose EN 13CrMo4-5 plates (50 mm tebal) untuk rintangan kakisannya (air masin) and creep resistance. Selepas 10 tahun, the boiler has no rust or deformation—even in stormy, salt-rich air. This project saved $400,000 vs. using stainless steel.

Kajian kes 2: Coastal Petrochemical Reactor (Italy)

A refinery in Venice needed a reactor for mild sour gas (12% H₂s, 550 ° C.). EN 13CrMo4-5 welded plates (35 mm tebal) were selected for their anti-corrosion and heat resistance. The reactor was installed in 2017 and has run without maintenance—its chromium content eliminated the need for expensive CRA cladding, cutting costs by 30%.

5. EN 13CrMo4-5 vs. Bahan lain

How does EN 13CrMo4-5 compare to other pressure vessel steels?

Yigu Technology’s Perspective on EN 13CrMo4-5

Di Yigu Technology, EN 13CrMo4-5 is our top pick for European coastal/high-corrosion high-heat projects. Its chromium-molybdenum combo solves two big pain points: kakisan (coastal salt) and creep (high temp). We supply custom-thickness plates (6-100 mm) with optional aluminum coating, tailored to regions (Mis., North Sea projects get extra corrosion testing). For clients moving from non-alloy steels to harsh environments, it’s a cost-effective upgrade—better performance than EN 16Mo3, cheaper than stainless steel.

FAQ About EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel

1. Can EN 13CrMo4-5 be used for sour gas with ＞15% H₂S?
   Yes—with epoxy or CRA cladding. Its chromium resists mild H₂S, but for ＞15% concentrations, add a thin 316L cladding to prevent sulfide stress cracking. Test per EN 13445 sour service rules first.
2. Is EN 13CrMo4-5 harder to weld than EN P355GH?
   Yes—needs preheating to 200–300 °C (vs. 150 °C for EN P355GH) and low-hydrogen electrodes (Mis., E8018-B3). But with proper training, welds are strong and corrosion-resistant—standard for European coastal projects.
3. Does EN 13CrMo4-5 meet EU CE marking for offshore equipment?
   Yes—if produced to EN 10028-2 and tested for corrosion/creep (untuk 13445 offshore rules). Our plates include CE certification, Laporan ujian kakisan, and traceability—ready for North Sea or Mediterranean offshore use.