If you work on European high-temperature, high-corrosion pressure projects—like coastal power plant boilers, offshore petrochemical reactors, or sour gas pipelines—you need a steel that resists both creep and rust.EN 13CrMo4-5 pressure vessel steel is the premium solution: as a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel in EN 10028-2, its 0.70–1.10% chromium and 0.45–0.65% molybdenum deliver unbeatable heat stability and corrosion resistance, outperforming non-alloyed grades like EN P355GH. This guide breaks down its properties, 実世界の使用, 製造プロセス, and material comparisons to help you solve harsh-environment equipment challenges.
1. Material Properties of EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
EN 13CrMo4-5’s performance comes from its dual-alloy design—chromium fights corrosion, while molybdenum resists creep—paired with strict heat treatment. その重要なプロパティを詳細に調べてみましょう.
1.1 化学組成
EN 13CrMo4-5 adheres to EN 10028-2, with chromium and molybdenum as core elements for harsh conditions. 以下はその典型的な構成です (プレート≤の場合 60 厚さmm):
| 要素 | シンボル | コンテンツ範囲 (%) | 重要な役割 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 炭素 (c) | c | 0.12 - 0.18 | Enhances strength; kept low to preserve溶接性 (critical for thick-walled vessels) |
| マンガン (Mn) | Mn | 0.40 - 0.70 | ブースト抗張力 without reducing high-temperature延性 |
| シリコン (そして) | そして | 0.10 - 0.35 | Aids deoxidation; stabilizes the steel structure at 500–600 °C |
| リン (p) | p | ≤ 0.025 | Minimized to prevent brittle fracture in cold or cyclic heat conditions |
| 硫黄 (s) | s | ≤ 0.015 | Strictly controlled to avoid weld defects (例えば。, hot cracking) in coastal humidity |
| クロム (cr) | cr | 0.70 - 1.10 | Core anti-corrosion element; resists saltwater and steam oxidation |
| モリブデン (MO) | MO | 0.45 - 0.65 | Core creep-resistant element; prevents deformation at 500–600 °C |
| ニッケル (で) | で | ≤ 0.30 | Trace element; enhances low-temperature衝撃の靭性 (for winter boiler startup) |
| バナジウム (v) | v | ≤ 0.03 | Trace element; refines grain structure to improvefatigue limit under cyclic heat |
| 銅 (cu) | cu | ≤ 0.30 | Trace element; adds extra atmospheric corrosion resistance for outdoor equipment |
1.2 物理的特性
These traits make EN 13CrMo4-5 ideal for European harsh environments:
- 密度: 7.87 g/cm³ (slightly higher than non-alloyed steels due to chromium/molybdenum; easy to calculate vessel weight)
- 融点: 1,400 - 1,440 °C (2,552 - 2,624 °F)—compatible with advanced welding processes (ティグ, 見た) for coastal projects
- 熱伝導率: 42.0 w/(M・k) で 20 °C; 36.5 w/(M・k) で 550 °C—ensures even heat distribution in boilers, reducing hot spots
- 熱膨張係数: 11.7 ×10⁻⁶/°C (20 - 550 °C)—minimizes damage from extreme heat cycles (例えば。, 20 °C to 550 °C)
- 磁気特性: Ferromagnetic—enables non-destructive testing (NDT) like ultrasonic phased array to detect hidden defects in corrosion-prone areas.
1.3 機械的特性
EN 13CrMo4-5’s normalization-and-tempering heat treatment ensures consistent performance in harsh conditions. 以下は典型的な値です (のために 10028-2):
| 財産 | Measurement Method | 典型的な値 (20 °C) | 典型的な値 (550 °C) | EN Minimum Requirement (20 °C) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 硬度 (ロックウェル) | HRB | 80 - 95 HRB | n/a | n/a (脆性を避けるために制御されます) |
| 硬度 (ビッカーズ) | HV | 160 - 190 HV | n/a | n/a |
| 抗張力 | MPA | 480 - 620 MPA | 340 - 440 MPA | 480 MPA |
| 降伏強度 | MPA | 290 - 410 MPA | 190 - 260 MPA | 290 MPA |
| 伸長 | % (で 50 mm) | 22 - 28% | n/a | 22% |
| 衝撃の靭性 | j (で -20 °C) | ≥ 45 j | n/a | ≥ 27 j |
| Fatigue Limit | MPA (rotating beam) | 200 - 240 MPA | 150 - 190 MPA | n/a (tested per heat cycles) |
1.4 その他のプロパティ
EN 13CrMo4-5’s traits solve key challenges for harsh-environment projects:
- 溶接性: Good—requires preheating to 200–300 °C (to avoid chromium-induced weld cracks) and low-hydrogen electrodes, but produces corrosion-resistant joints.
- 形成性: Moderate—can be bent into boiler shells or reactor curves (with controlled heating) without losing alloy benefits.
- 耐食性: Excellent—resists saltwater (coastal Europe), steam oxidation (ボイラー), and mild sour gas (まで 15% h₂s); no extra coating needed for most coastal projects.
- 延性: High—absorbs pressure spikes in high-heat reactors without fracturing, a critical safety feature.
- タフネス: Reliable—maintains strength at -20 °C (cold-region startup) そして 600 °C (continuous operation), outperforming single-alloy steels like EN 16Mo3.
2. Applications of EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
EN 13CrMo4-5’s dual-alloy 优势 makes it a staple in European harsh-environment equipment. Here are its key uses:
- Boilers: Coastal power plant steam generators—operates at 550–600 °C, resisting saltwater corrosion from nearby oceans (例えば。, 英国, Netherlands).
- 圧力容器: Offshore petrochemical reactors and sour gas storage vessels—handles 10,000–16,000 psi and mild H₂S, compliant with EN 13445.
- Petrochemical Plants: Heat exchangers and catalytic crackers in coastal refineries—resists steam oxidation and salt air, reducing maintenance.
- ストレージタンク: High-temperature hot oil or molten sulfur tanks—its heat resistance prevents deformation, while corrosion resistance avoids rust.
- 産業用具: Offshore high-pressure steam valves and turbine casings—used in North Sea oil platforms for reliable harsh-environment service.
- 建設とインフラストラクチャ: Coastal district heating pipelines—carries 120–180 °C water, resisting saltwater corrosion without extra coating.
3. Manufacturing Techniques for EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
Producing EN 13CrMo4-5 requires precise control over chromium/molybdenum and heat treatment. これが段階的なプロセスです:
- スチール製造:
- Made using an 電気弧炉 (EAF) (aligns with EU sustainability goals) または 基本的な酸素炉 (bof). クロム (0.70–1.10％) とモリブデン (0.45–0.65%) are added during melting to ensure alloy uniformity.
- ローリング:
- The steel is ホットロール (1,180 - 1,280 °C) into plates (6 mm to 100+ 厚さmm). Hot rolling uses slow cooling to preserve the alloy’s anti-corrosion and creep-resistant properties.
- 熱処理 (Mandatory Normalization + 焼き戻し):
- Normalization: Plates heated to 900 - 960 °C, held 45–90 minutes (based on thickness), then air-cooled—evens out microstructure.
- 焼き戻し: Reheated to 600 - 680 °C, held 60–120 minutes, then air-cooled—reduces brittleness and locks in alloy benefits.
- 機械加工 & 仕上げ:
- Plates cut with plasma/laser tools (low heat input to avoid alloy damage) to fit vessel sizes. Holes for nozzles are drilled, edges ground smooth for tight welds.
- 表面処理:
- コーティング (オプション):
- Aluminum Diffusion Coating: For ultra-high-heat boilers (＞600 °C)—enhances creep resistance.
- Epoxy Liners: For sour gas vessels (＞15% H₂S)—adds extra corrosion protection, compliant with EU REACH.
- 絵画: For outdoor equipment—low-VOC, weather-resistant paint to meet EU environmental standards.
- コーティング (オプション):
- 品質管理:
- 化学分析: Mass spectrometry verifies chromium/molybdenum content (critical for alloy performance).
- 機械的テスト: 引張, インパクト (-20 °C), and creep tests (550 °C) のために 10028-2.
- NDT: Ultrasonic phased array (100% plate area) and radiographic testing (welds) to detect defects.
- Hydrostatic Testing: Vessels pressure-tested (1.8× design pressure, 80 °C water) のために 60 minutes—no leaks = EU compliance.
4. ケーススタディ: EN 13CrMo4-5 in Action
Real European projects showcase EN 13CrMo4-5’s harsh-environment reliability.
ケーススタディ 1: North Sea Offshore Boiler (Norway)
An oil company needed a boiler for a North Sea offshore platform (200 km from shore), で動作します 580 °Cおよび 15,000 psi. They chose EN 13CrMo4-5 plates (50 厚さmm) 耐食性のため (塩水) and creep resistance. 後 10 年, the boiler has no rust or deformation—even in stormy, salt-rich air. This project saved $400,000 vs. using stainless steel.
ケーススタディ 2: Coastal Petrochemical Reactor (Italy)
A refinery in Venice needed a reactor for mild sour gas (12% h₂s, 550 °C). EN 13CrMo4-5 welded plates (35 厚さmm) were selected for their anti-corrosion and heat resistance. The reactor was installed in 2017 and has run without maintenance—its chromium content eliminated the need for expensive CRA cladding, cutting costs by 30%.
5. EN 13CrMo4-5 vs. その他の材料
How does EN 13CrMo4-5 compare to other pressure vessel steels?
| 材料 | Similarities to EN 13CrMo4-5 | 重要な違い | に最適です |
|---|---|---|---|
| EN 16Mo3 | で 10028-2 合金鋼 | No chromium; poor corrosion resistance; 安く | Inland high-heat projects (no saltwater) |
| EN P355GH | EN pressure vessel steel | No alloying; poor creep/corrosion resistance; 安く | Inland medium-heat projects (≤ 450 °C) |
| SA387 Grade 11 | Alloy steel for high temps | Higher molybdenum (0.90–1.10％); better creep; worse corrosion; 15% pricier | Inland ultra-high-heat projects (＞600 °C) |
| 316Lステンレス鋼 | 耐性耐性 | Excellent corrosion; poor creep above 500 °C; 3× more expensive | Coastal low-heat vessels (≤ 500 °C) |
| SA516 Grade 70 | ASME carbon steel | No alloying; poor creep/corrosion; ASME standard | Inland warm-climate projects |
Yigu Technology’s Perspective on EN 13CrMo4-5
Yiguテクノロジーで, EN 13CrMo4-5 is our top pick for European coastal/high-corrosion high-heat projects. Its chromium-molybdenum combo solves two big pain points: 腐食 (coastal salt) and creep (high temp). We supply custom-thickness plates (6–100 mm) with optional aluminum coating, tailored to regions (例えば。, North Sea projects get extra corrosion testing). For clients moving from non-alloy steels to harsh environments, it’s a cost-effective upgrade—better performance than EN 16Mo3, cheaper than stainless steel.
FAQ About EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
- Can EN 13CrMo4-5 be used for sour gas with ＞15% H₂S?
Yes—with epoxy or CRA cladding. Its chromium resists mild H₂S, but for ＞15% concentrations, add a thin 316L cladding to prevent sulfide stress cracking. Test per EN 13445 sour service rules first. - Is EN 13CrMo4-5 harder to weld than EN P355GH?
Yes—needs preheating to 200–300 °C (vs. 150 °C for EN P355GH) and low-hydrogen electrodes (例えば。, E8018-B3). But with proper training, welds are strong and corrosion-resistant—standard for European coastal projects. - Does EN 13CrMo4-5 meet EU CE marking for offshore equipment?
Yes—if produced to EN 10028-2 and tested for corrosion/creep (のために 13445 offshore rules). Our plates include CE certification, 腐食テストレポート, and traceability—ready for North Sea or Mediterranean offshore use.
