If you’re tackling European projects that demand resistance to both high temperatures and corrosion—like coastal power plant boilers, offshore petrochemical reactors, or sour gas storage tanks—EN 13CrMo4-5 pressure vessel steel is your most reliable choice. As a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel in the EN 10028-2 標準, it combines 0.70–1.10% chromium (腐食保護用) and 0.45–0.65% molybdenum (耐熱性のため) to outperform non-alloyed grades like EN P355GH. This guide breaks down its properties, 実世界のアプリケーション, 製造プロセス, and material comparisons to help you solve harsh-environment equipment challenges.
1. Material Properties of EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
EN 13CrMo4-5’s dual-alloy design is what makes it stand out: chromium fights rust and oxidation, while molybdenum prevents slow deformation (クリープ) 高温で. その重要なプロパティを詳細に調べてみましょう.
1.1 化学組成
EN 13CrMo4-5 follows strict EN 10028-2 基準, with precise control over alloy elements to ensure performance in harsh conditions. 以下はその典型的な構成です (プレート≤の場合 60 厚さmm):
| 要素 | シンボル | コンテンツ範囲 (%) | 重要な役割 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 炭素 (c) | c | 0.12 - 0.18 | Boosts strength; kept low to preserve溶接性 (critical for thick vessel walls) |
| マンガン (Mn) | Mn | 0.40 - 0.70 | 強化抗張力 without reducing high-temperature延性 |
| シリコン (そして) | そして | 0.10 - 0.35 | Helps remove oxygen during steelmaking; stabilizes the structure at 500–600 °C |
| リン (p) | p | ≤ 0.025 | Minimized to avoid brittle fracture in cold or cyclic heat (例えば。, winter boiler startup) |
| 硫黄 (s) | s | ≤ 0.015 | Strictly controlled to prevent weld defects (like hot cracking) in humid coastal air |
| クロム (cr) | cr | 0.70 - 1.10 | Core anti-corrosion element; 塩水に抵抗します, steam oxidation, and mild sour gas |
| モリブデン (MO) | MO | 0.45 - 0.65 | Prevents creep deformation at high temperatures (500–600°C), critical for long-running equipment |
| ニッケル (で) | で | ≤ 0.30 | Trace element; improves low-temperature衝撃の靭性 (に -20 °C) |
| バナジウム (v) | v | ≤ 0.03 | Trace element; refines grain structure to boostfatigue limit under repeated heat cycles |
| 銅 (cu) | cu | ≤ 0.30 | Trace element; adds extra resistance to atmospheric corrosion for outdoor tanks |
1.2 物理的特性
These traits make EN 13CrMo4-5 ideal for European environments like coastal regions or industrial zones:
- 密度: 7.87 g/cm³ (slightly higher than non-alloy steels due to chromium/molybdenum)—easy to calculate weight for large vessels (例えば。, 15-meter diameter reactors)
- 融点: 1,400 - 1,440 °C (2,552 - 2,624 °F)—works with standard welding methods (ティグ, 見た) used in European fabrication shops
- 熱伝導率: 42.0 w/(M・k) で 20 °C; 36.5 w/(M・k) で 550 °C—ensures even heat spread in boilers, reducing hot spots that cause stress
- 熱膨張係数: 11.7 ×10⁻⁶/°C (20 - 550 °C)—minimizes damage from temperature swings (例えば。, 20 °C to 550 °C in boiler operation)
- 磁気特性: Ferromagnetic—lets you use non-destructive testing (NDT) like magnetic particle inspection to find hidden weld defects.
1.3 機械的特性
EN 13CrMo4-5’s mandatory heat treatment (normalization + 焼き戻し) ensures consistent performance. 以下は典型的な値です (のために 10028-2):
| 財産 | Measurement Method | 典型的な値 (20 °C) | 典型的な値 (550 °C) | EN Standard Minimum (20 °C) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 硬度 (ロックウェル) | HRB | 80 - 95 HRB | n/a | n/a (脆性を避けるために制御されます) |
| 硬度 (ビッカーズ) | HV | 160 - 190 HV | n/a | n/a |
| 抗張力 | MPA | 480 - 620 MPA | 340 - 440 MPA | 480 MPA |
| 降伏強度 | MPA | 290 - 410 MPA | 190 - 260 MPA | 290 MPA |
| 伸長 | % (で 50 mm) | 22 - 28% | n/a | 22% |
| 衝撃の靭性 | j (で -20 °C) | ≥ 45 j | n/a | ≥ 27 j |
| Fatigue Limit | MPA (rotating beam) | 200 - 240 MPA | 150 - 190 MPA | n/a (tested per project needs) |
1.4 その他のプロパティ
EN 13CrMo4-5’s unique traits solve common harsh-environment problems:
- 溶接性: Good—needs preheating to 200–300 °C (to avoid chromium-induced cracks) and low-hydrogen electrodes (例えば。, E8018-B3), but produces strong, 耐食性溶接.
- 形成性: Moderate—can be bent into curved boiler shells or reactor walls (with controlled heating) without losing alloy benefits.
- 耐食性: Excellent—resists saltwater (coastal Europe), steam oxidation (ボイラー), and mild sour gas (まで 15% h₂s) without extra coatings.
- 延性: High—absorbs sudden pressure spikes (例えば。, in petrochemical reactors) 壊れずに, a key safety feature.
- タフネス: Reliable—works at -20 °C (Scandinavian winters) そして 600 °C (continuous boiler use), outperforming single-alloy steels like EN 16Mo3.
2. Applications of EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
EN 13CrMo4-5’s dual resistance (熱 + 腐食) makes it a top choice for European projects in harsh environments. Here are its key uses:
- 圧力容器: Offshore sour gas reactors and high-temperature chemical vessels—handles 10,000–16,000 psi and mild H₂S, compliant with EN 13445.
- Boilers: Coastal power plant steam generators (例えば。, in the UK, Netherlands)—resists saltwater corrosion and creep at 550–600 °C.
- ストレージタンク: High-temperature hot oil or molten sulfur tanks—its heat resistance prevents deformation, while corrosion resistance avoids rust.
- Petrochemical Plants: Heat exchangers and catalytic crackers in coastal refineries (例えば。, Italy, France)—resists steam oxidation and salt air, メンテナンスコストの削減.
- 産業用具: Offshore high-pressure steam valves and turbine casings—used in North Sea oil platforms for reliable service in stormy, 塩辛い状態.
- 建設とインフラストラクチャ: Coastal district heating pipelines—carries 120–180 °C water, resisting saltwater corrosion without expensive coatings.
3. Manufacturing Techniques for EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
Producing EN 13CrMo4-5 requires precise control over alloy content and heat treatment to unlock its full potential. これが段階的なプロセスです:
- スチール製造:
- Made using an 電気弧炉 (EAF) (recycles scrap steel, aligning with EU sustainability goals) または 基本的な酸素炉 (bof). Chromium and molybdenum are added during melting to hit the 0.70–1.10% and 0.45–0.65% ranges—critical for alloy performance.
- ローリング:
- The steel is ホットロール (1,180 - 1,280 °C) into plates of varying thicknesses (6 mm to 100+ mm). Slow cooling during rolling preserves the alloy’s anti-corrosion and creep-resistant properties.
- 熱処理 (Mandatory Normalization + 焼き戻し):
- Normalization: Plates are heated to 900 - 960 °C, held for 45–90 minutes (based on thickness), then air-cooled. This evens out the microstructure for consistent strength.
- 焼き戻し: Immediately after normalization, plates are reheated to 600 - 680 °C, held for 60–120 minutes, then air-cooled. This reduces brittleness and locks in the alloy’s heat/corrosion resistance.
- 機械加工 & 仕上げ:
- Plates are cut with plasma or laser tools (low heat input to avoid damaging the alloy) to fit vessel sizes. Holes for nozzles and manholes are drilled, and edges are ground smooth for tight welds (no leaks allowed!).
- 表面処理:
- コーティング (オプション):
- Aluminum Diffusion Coating: For ultra-high-heat projects (＞600 °C)—boosts creep resistance.
- Epoxy Liners: For sour gas vessels with ＞15% H₂S—adds extra corrosion protection, compliant with EU REACH.
- 絵画: For outdoor equipment—low-VOC, weather-resistant paint to meet EU environmental regulations.
- コーティング (オプション):
- 品質管理:
- 化学分析: Use mass spectrometry to check chromium and molybdenum levels (must hit EN ranges).
- 機械的テスト: Conduct tensile, インパクト (-20 °C), and creep tests (550 °C) のために 10028-2.
- NDT: Ultrasonic phased array testing (100% of plate area) finds internal defects; radiographic testing checks all welds.
- Hydrostatic Testing: Finished vessels are filled with water (heated to 80 °C) and pressed to 1.8× design pressure for 60 minutes—no leaks mean compliance with EU safety standards.
4. ケーススタディ: EN 13CrMo4-5 in Action
Real European projects show how EN 13CrMo4-5 solves harsh-environment challenges.
ケーススタディ 1: North Sea Offshore Boiler (Norway)
An oil company needed a boiler for a North Sea offshore platform (200 km from shore) to generate steam for oil extraction. The boiler operates at 580 °Cおよび 15,000 psi, with constant exposure to saltwater and stormy air. They chose EN 13CrMo4-5 plates (50 厚さmm) for its corrosion and creep resistance. 後 10 運用の年, the boiler has zero rust or deformation—even after surviving 12 major storms. This project saved the company $400,000 vs. using stainless steel.
ケーススタディ 2: Coastal Petrochemical Reactor (Italy)
A refinery in Venice needed a reactor to process mild sour gas (12% h₂s) で 550 °C. They selected EN 13CrMo4-5 welded plates (35 厚さmm) for its anti-corrosion properties. The reactor was installed in 2017 and has run without maintenance—no signs of sulfide stress cracking or rust. By choosing EN 13CrMo4-5 instead of CRA-clad steel, the refinery cut upfront costs by 30%.
5. EN 13CrMo4-5 vs. その他の材料
How does EN 13CrMo4-5 compare to other pressure vessel steels?
| 材料 | Similarities to EN 13CrMo4-5 | 重要な違い | に最適です |
|---|---|---|---|
| EN 16Mo3 | で 10028-2 合金鋼 | No chromium; poor corrosion resistance; 20% 安く | Inland high-heat projects (no saltwater) |
| EN P355GH | EN pressure vessel steel | No alloying; poor creep/corrosion resistance; 40% 安く | Inland medium-heat projects (≤ 450 °C) |
| SA387 Grade 11 | Alloy steel for high temps | Higher molybdenum (0.90–1.10％); better creep; worse corrosion; 15% pricier | Inland ultra-high-heat projects (＞600 °C) |
| 316Lステンレス鋼 | 耐性耐性 | Excellent corrosion; poor creep above 500 °C; 3× more expensive | Coastal low-heat vessels (≤ 500 °C) |
| SA516 Grade 70 | ASME carbon steel | No alloying; poor creep/corrosion; ASME standard | Inland warm-climate projects (no harsh conditions) |
Yigu Technology’s Perspective on EN 13CrMo4-5
Yiguテクノロジーで, EN 13CrMo4-5 is our top recommendation for European coastal or high-corrosion high-heat projects. Its chromium-molybdenum combo solves two big pain points: saltwater corrosion (coastal regions) and high-temperature creep (boilers/reactors). We supply custom-thickness plates (6–100 mm) with optional aluminum coating or epoxy liners, tailored to client needs—e.g., North Sea projects get extra corrosion testing. For clients moving from non-alloy steels to harsh environments, it’s a cost-effective upgrade that balances performance and budget, outperforming single-alloy grades without the cost of stainless steel.
FAQ About EN 13CrMo4-5 Pressure Vessel Steel
- Can EN 13CrMo4-5 be used for sour gas with more than 15% h₂s?
Yes—but add extra protection. Use an epoxy liner or CRA cladding (例えば。, 316L stainless steel) to prevent sulfide stress cracking. Always test the material per EN 13445 sour service requirements first. - Is EN 13CrMo4-5 harder to weld than EN P355GH?
Yes—slightly. It needs preheating to 200–300 °C (vs. 150 °C for EN P355GH) and low-hydrogen electrodes (like E8018-B3). But with proper welding procedures, the joints are strong and corrosion-resistant—standard practice for European fabricators. - Does EN 13CrMo4-5 meet EU CE marking for offshore equipment?
Yes—if produced to EN 10028-2 and tested for corrosion and creep (のために 13445 offshore rules). Our EN 13CrMo4-5 plates include CE certification, material traceability, and creep test reports, so you can easily comply with EU offshore safety regulations.
