DANS 1.4401 Acier inoxydable: Guide ultime des propriétés, Utilisations & Fabrication

If you need a stainless steel that excels in harsh environments—from marine settings to chemical plants—DANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable est la solution. En tant qu'équivalent européen de l'AISI 316, sa teneur en molybdène offre une résistance supérieure à la corrosion, ce qui en fait un choix idéal pour les industries exigeantes. Ce guide détaille tout ce que vous devez savoir, from specs to real-world applications.

1. DANS 1.4401 Acier inoxydable: Aperçu & Key Specifications

Let’s start with the fundamentals ofDANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable—its composition, normes, et propriétés principales.

Composition chimique

LeDANS 1.4401 chemical composition is what sets it apart. It contains 16–18% chromium (résistance à la corrosion), 10–14% nickel (austenitic structure), and 2–3% molybdenum (enhanced chloride resistance). Small amounts of manganese (maximum 2.0%) and silicon (maximum 1.0%) round out the blend, creating a metal that balances strength and durability.

Normes de l'industrie & Equivalents

DANS 1.4401 adheres to strict global standards for consistency:

• 1.4401 AISI 316 équivalent: It’s the direct European counterpart to AISI 316, so they’re interchangeable in most projects.
• 1.4401 UNS S31600: The Unified Numbering System identifier, used in North America.
• 1.4401 DANS 10088-2: European standard for flat products (sheets/plates), et 1.4401 ASTM A240: ASTM standard for plates/sheets.

Physical & Propriétés mécaniques

Below is a table of critical properties that makeDANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable ideal for harsh environments:

Exemple: A marine hardware manufacturer usesDANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable for boat cleats. C'estPREN 23–25 ensures resistance to saltwater corrosion, keeping cleats rust-free for 10+ années.

2. Résistance à la corrosion & Environmental Performance

DANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable’s greatest strength is its exceptional corrosion resistance—especially in chloride-rich environments.

Key Corrosion Behaviors

• 1.4401 pitting corrosion resistance: Molybdenum creates a protective layer that prevents pitting in chloride environments (par ex., saltwater, pool water).
• 1.4401 marine environment performance: Excellent for full submersion in seawater—used for boat hulls, arbres d'hélice, and dock hardware.
• 1.4401 sulfuric acid compatibility: Resists dilute sulfuric acid (jusqu'à 10% concentration) à température ambiante, making it suitable for chemical tanks.
• 1.4401 nitric acid resistance: Handles dilute nitric acid well, ideal for food processing equipment that uses mild cleaning chemicals.

Critical Corrosion Considerations

• 1.4401 crevice corrosion threshold: Avoid tight crevices (par ex., uncoated bolts) in wet areas—use sealants to prevent moisture trapping.
• 1.4401 chloride stress corrosion cracking: Low risk even in high-chloride settings, far better than EN 1.4301 (AISI 304).
• 1.4401 intergranular corrosion after welding: Minimal risk, but post-weld passivation further reduces any potential issues.
• 1.4401 contre 1.4404 corrosion comparison: DANS 1.4404 (AISI 316L) has lower carbon (better intergranular corrosion resistance), but EN 1.4401 offers similar general and chloride corrosion resistance.

Étude de cas: A desalination plant usesDANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable for reverse osmosis membranes. The metal resists the high-salt water, avec un1.4401 seawater corrosion rate of less than 0.1 mm/year—ensuring the plant operates efficiently for decades.

3. High-Temperature & Low-Temperature Properties

DANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable performs well across a wide temperature range, from cryogenic to high heat.

Performances à haute température

• 1.4401 résistance à haute température: Maintains strength up to 800 °C, making it suitable for heat exchanger tubes and oven parts.
• 1.4401 oxidation resistance up to 925 °C intermittent: Resists scaling when used intermittently at high temperatures (par ex., furnace components).
• 1.4401 continuous service limit: Safe for continuous use up to 750 °C—avoid higher temps for long periods to prevent strength loss.
• 1.4401 creep rupture data: At 700 °C and 100 MPa stress, it resists creep (slow deformation) for over 10,000 heures.

Low-Temperature Performance

• 1.4401 low-temperature toughness: Remains ductile even at -196 °C (liquid nitrogen temperature), used for cryogenic vessels.
• 1.4401 impact energy at -196 °C: Absorbs over 50 J of energy, preventing brittle fracture in cold environments.

Propriétés thermiques

• 1.4401 thermal expansion coefficient: 16.0 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20–100 °C) — important for designing parts that handle temperature changes.
• 1.4401 conductivité thermique: 16.2 Avec(m·K) à 100 °C — efficient at transferring heat, ideal for heat exchangers.

Exemple: A chemical plant usesDANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable for high-temperature reactors. The metal’soxidation resistance up to 925 °C intermittent handles the reactor’s 750 °C operating temperature without scaling.

4. Traitement thermique & Microstructure Stability

Proper heat treatment ensuresDANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable maintains its corrosion resistance and strength.

Common Heat Treatment Processes

Critical Considerations

• 1.4401 carbide precipitation range: Avoid holding at 450–850 °C for long—carbides form, reducing corrosion resistance.
• 1.4401 sensitization control: Solution annealing prevents sensitization (intergranular corrosion risk) after welding.
• 1.4401 austenitic grain size ASTM 5–8: Controlled heating keeps grains small, balancing strength and ductility.
• 1.4401 sigma phase formation: Low risk at temperatures below 700 °C—avoid prolonged exposure to 700–900 °C to prevent brittle sigma phase.

Étude de cas: A heat exchanger manufacturer usesDANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable for tubes. They solution anneal at 1050 °C and water quench to ensurecarbide precipitation is avoided—tubes resist corrosion from hot coolants for 15+ années.

5. Soudage, Fabrication & Machining Guidelines

DANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable is easy to weld and fabricate, making it suitable for complex parts.

Welding Tips

• 1.4401 weldability rating: Excellent (noté 9/10)—works with TIG, MOI, and stick welding.
• 1.4401 no preheat required: Saves time compared to martensitic grades (par ex., 410).
• 1.4401 filler metal ER316L: Low-carbon filler matches the base metal’s corrosion resistance.
• 1.4401 interpass temperature 150 °C max: Prevents overheating and carbide formation.
• 1.4401 post-weld cleaning passivation: Nitric acid treatment boosts corrosion resistance by 30–40%.

Usinage & Fabrication

• 1.4401 machining speeds and feeds: Use 120–200 m/min (tournant) and 0.1–0.25 mm/rev—slower than EN 1.4301 due to molybdenum.
• 1.4401 tool life with coated carbide: Coated carbide tools (par ex., TiAlN) last 2–3x longer than uncoated tools.
• 1.4401 formability deep drawing: Good—its austenitic structure lets it be drawn into shapes like chemical tank components.
• 1.4401 distortion control techniques: Use balanced welding sequences and clamps to minimize warping.

Exemple: A brewery usesDANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable for beer tanks. They weld tank seams with ER316L filler and followinterpass temperature 150 °C max—tanks resist corrosion from beer acids and cleaning chemicals.

6. Product Forms, Sizes & Supply Chain

DANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable is available in diverse forms to fit any project.

Common Product Forms

• 1.4401 stainless steel plate thicknesses: 3–200mm (réacteurs chimiques, pièces structurelles).
• 1.4401 sheet gauge chart: 26 jauge (0.45 mm) à 8 jauge (4.0 mm) (food equipment, architectural cladding).
• 1.4401 seamless pipe EN 10216-5: Sizes ½–24 inches (usines de dessalement, chemical piping).
• 1.4401 welded tube EN 10217-7: Sizes ½–12 inches (plomberie, brewery lines).
• 1.4401 round bar stock: Diameters 5–300 mm (attaches, matériel marin).

Supply Chain Tips

• 1.4401 angle iron sizes: 20x20x3 mm to 100x100x10 mm (structural supports in coastal buildings).
• 1.4401 flat bar tolerances: ±0.1 mm for thickness—ideal for precision parts like pharmaceutical equipment.
• 1.4401 hollow bar suppliers: Choose ISO 9001-certified suppliers for consistent wall thickness.
• 1.4401 mirror finish sheets: 0.5–5 mm thicknesses (elevator panels, decorative marine parts).

7. Applications industrielles & Études de cas

DANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable shines in industries where corrosion resistance is non-negotiable.

Applications clés

• 1.4401 matériel marin: Cleats, arbres d'hélice, hull components—resists saltwater corrosion.
• 1.4401 chemical process reactors: Handles acids and solvents without rusting.
• 1.4401 pharmaceutical piping: Meets strict hygiene standards and resists drug chemicals.
• 1.4401 heat exchanger tubes: Transfers heat efficiently while resisting coolant corrosion.
• 1.4401 desalination plant composants: Withstands high-salt water in reverse osmosis systems.

Real-World Example: A coastal hotel usesDANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable for outdoor railings. The railings are exposed to saltwater spray daily, but theirmarine environment performance keeps them rust-free—even after 8 years of coastal weather.

Yigu Technology’s Perspective on EN 1.4401 Acier inoxydable

Chez Yigu Technologie, we supplyDANS 1.4401 acier inoxydable to marine, chimique, and pharmaceutical clients. Its molybdenum-enhanced corrosion resistance makes it perfect for harsh environments, and we offer custom cuts (par ex., seamless pipe for desalination plants) with certification. For food clients, we ensure passivation meets FDA standards, and our team advises on welding parameters to maintain corrosion resistance—helping clients build durable, long-lasting products.

FAQ About EN 1.4401 Acier inoxydable

1. Is EN 1.4401 stainless steel magnetic?
   No—its 1.4401 austenitic Cr-Ni-Mo grade structure is non-magnetic. Heavy cold working may make it slightly magnetic, but this doesn’t affect performance.
2. Can EN 1.4401 be used in saltwater?
   Oui! C'est PREN 23–25 and molybdenum content make it ideal for full seawater submersion (par ex., coques de bateaux, dock posts). It outperforms EN 1.4301 (AISI 304) in marine environments.
3. What’s the difference between EN 1.4401 et FR 1.4404?
   DANS 1.4404 (AISI 316L) has lower carbon (maximum 0.03%) than EN 1.4401 (maximum 0.08%), so it’s better at resisting intergranular corrosion after welding. Choose EN 1.4401 for general harsh environments, et FR 1.4404 for thick welded parts.