Si vous travaillez dans des secteurs comme la transformation des aliments, marin, ou fabrication de produits chimiques, you need bearing steel that resists corrosionet handles wear.DANS 1.4125 stainless bearing steel—a European-standard martensitic stainless steel—delivers exactly that. Il combine la résistance à la corrosion de l'acier inoxydable avec la résistance à l'usure nécessaire aux roulements.. Ce guide détaille ses principales propriétés, applications du monde réel, processus de fabrication, et comment il se compare à d'autres matériaux, helping you solve corrosion-related bearing challenges.
1. Material Properties of EN 1.4125 Acier à roulement inoxydable
EN 1.4125’s unique composition (high chromium and carbon) gives it both stainless and bearing-grade performance. Let’s explore its properties in detail.
1.1 Composition chimique
DANS 1.4125 follows strict European standards (DANS 10088-3), ensuring consistent corrosion and wear resistance. Vous trouverez ci-dessous sa composition chimique typique:
| Élément | Symbole | Gamme de contenu (%) | Key Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbone (C) | C | 0.95 – 1.20 | Améliore la dureté et la résistance à l’usure |
| Chrome (Cr) | Cr | 16.00 – 18.00 | Provides corrosion resistance (forms oxide layer) |
| Molybdène (Mo) | Mo | 0.40 – 0.60 | Augmente la résistance à la corrosion (especially to chemicals) |
| Manganèse (Mn) | Mn | ≤ 1.00 | Improves workability |
| Silicium (Et) | Et | ≤ 1.00 | Aide à la désoxydation pendant la fabrication de l'acier |
| Soufre (S) | S | ≤ 0.030 | Minimisé pour éviter la fragilité |
| Phosphore (P.) | P. | ≤ 0.040 | Contrôlé pour éviter les fissures |
| Nickel (Dans) | Dans | ≤ 0.60 | Montant de trace; minor boost to ductility |
| Azote (N) | N | ≤ 0.10 | Trace element; enhances strength |
1.2 Propriétés physiques
These properties describe how EN 1.4125 behaves under physical conditions like temperature and magnetism:
- Densité: 7.75 g/cm³ (slightly lower than standard carbon bearing steels)
- Point de fusion: 1,450 – 1,480 °C (2,642 – 2,696 °F)
- Conductivité thermique: 25.0 Avec(m·K) à 20 °C (lower than carbon steels, typical of stainless grades)
- Coefficient de dilatation thermique: 10.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C (depuis 20 – 100 °C)
- Propriétés magnétiques: Ferromagnétique (attire les aimants)—unlike austenitic stainless steels (par ex., AISI 304), making it easy to sort.
1.3 Propriétés mécaniques
EN 1.4125’s mechanical properties are achieved via heat treatment (trempe et revenu). Below are typical values:
| Propriété | Méthode de mesure | Valeur typique |
|---|---|---|
| Dureté (Rockwell) | CRH | 58 – 62 CRH |
| Dureté (Vickers) | HT | 550 – 600 HT |
| Résistance à la traction | MPa | ≥ 1,700 MPa |
| Limite d'élasticité | MPa | ≥ 1,500 MPa |
| Élongation | % (dans 50 mm) | ≥ 5% |
| Résistance aux chocs | J. (à 20 °C) | ≥ 12 J. |
| Fatigue Limit | MPa (rotating beam) | ≥ 750 MPa |
1.4 Autres propriétés
EN 1.4125’s standout properties solve corrosion and wear challenges:
- Résistance à la corrosion: Excellent—resists water, produits chimiques doux, and food acids (ideal for food processing/marine use). Outperforms carbon bearing steels (par ex., 100Cr6) but is less resistant than austenitic grades (par ex., AISI 316) in strong acids.
- Résistance à l'usure: La haute teneur en carbone et en chrome forment des carbures durs, matching the wear performance of standard bearing steels like JIS SUJ2.
- Trempabilité: Good—achieves uniform hardness across thick sections via heat treatment.
- Stabilité dimensionnelle: Minimizes distortion during heat treatment, ensuring precision in bearing races and rolling elements.
- Austenitic Structure: No—EN 1.4125 is martensitic (ferromagnetic), which differs from non-magnetic austenitic stainless steels.
2. Applications of EN 1.4125 Acier à roulement inoxydable
EN 1.4125’s corrosion + wear resistance makes it ideal for wet, chimique, or sanitary environments. Here are its key uses:
- Roulements: Corrosion-resistant bearings in food processing lines, marine pumps, and chemical mixers—where water or chemicals would rust standard steel.
- Éléments roulants: Balls/rollers in wet bearings (par ex., washing machine bearings or marine engine bearings).
- Courses: Inner/outer rings of bearings in sanitary equipment (par ex., pharmaceutical mixers) that require frequent cleaning.
- Composants automobiles: Bearings in car washes or undercarriage parts (exposed to water, sel, and dirt).
- Machines industrielles: Bearings in chemical processing pumps, wastewater treatment equipment, and humid factory environments.
- Composants aérospatiaux: Small bearings in aircraft fuel systems (resisting fuel and moisture).
- Dispositifs médicaux: Bearings in surgical tools and sterilizable equipment (able to withstand autoclaving).
- Food Processing Equipment: Bearings in conveyors, mixers, and filling machines—meeting food safety standards (par ex., Conformité FDA).
- Marine Applications: Bearings in boat engines, arbres d'hélice, and deck equipment (resisting saltwater corrosion).
- Chemical Processing Equipment: Bearings in acid tanks, solvent mixers, and chemical transfer pumps.
3. Manufacturing Techniques for EN 1.4125
Producing EN 1.4125 requires techniques that preserve both corrosion and wear resistance. Voici le processus typique:
- Sidérurgie:
- DANS 1.4125 is made using an Four à arc électrique (AEP) with argon oxygen decarburization (AOD). This process controls carbon content (critical for hardness) and ensures high chromium levels (pour la résistance à la corrosion).
- Roulement:
- Après la sidérurgie, le métal est Laminé à chaud (à 1,100 – 1,200 °C) en billettes ou en barres. Pour pièces de précision, c'est Laminé à froid (température ambiante) to improve surface finish—important for sanitary applications (par ex., transformation des aliments).
- Precision Forging:
- Pièces complexes (like custom bearing rings) are forged into near-final shapes. Forging refines the grain structure, enhancing both strength and corrosion resistance.
- Traitement thermique:
- Heat treatment balances hardness and corrosion resistance:
- Solution Annealing: Chauffer à 1,000 – 1,050 °C, then air cool to soften the steel for machining.
- Trempe: Réchauffer à 950 – 1,000 °C, then rapid cool in oil to harden (forms martensitic structure).
- Trempe: Réchauffer à 150 – 200 °C to reduce brittleness while maintaining hardness and corrosion resistance.
- Heat treatment balances hardness and corrosion resistance:
- Usinage:
- Traitement post-thermique, les pièces sont Ground (pour des surfaces ultra-lisses, reducing friction and bacterial buildup in food applications) et Turned (for cylindrical shapes like bearing races).
- Traitement de surface:
- Étapes facultatives pour améliorer les performances:
- Passivation: Treat with nitric acid to strengthen the chromium oxide layer (boosting corrosion resistance).
- Polissage: Achieve a mirror finish for sanitary applications (par ex., transformation des aliments), making cleaning easier.
- Revêtement: Thin PTFE coatings for extra chemical resistance (par ex., in strong solvent environments).
- Étapes facultatives pour améliorer les performances:
- Contrôle de qualité:
- Rigorous testing ensures compliance:
- Analyse chimique: Verify chromium and carbon content (via spectrometry) to confirm corrosion/wear resistance.
- Corrosion testing: Salt spray tests (per ASTM B117) to check resistance to saltwater.
- Test de dureté: Ensure HRC 58–62 for wear resistance.
- Dimensional inspection: Use CMMs to check tolerances for bearing fits.
- Rigorous testing ensures compliance:
4. Études de cas: DANS 1.4125 in Action
Real-world examples show how EN 1.4125 solves corrosion challenges.
Étude de cas 1: Food Processing Bearing Durability
A food manufacturer faced monthly bearing failures in their bread dough mixers. The original bearings used 100Cr6 steel, which rusted after daily water cleaning. Switching to EN 1.4125 roulements (with passivation) extended life to 12 mois. This reduced maintenance costs by 80% and eliminated production downtime from bearing replacements.
Étude de cas 2: Marine Equipment Corrosion Resistance
A boat builder struggled with propeller shaft bearing failures (chaque 6 mois) due to saltwater. They replaced standard steel bearings with EN 1.4125 roulements. Post-commutation, bearings lasted 3 années, and the builder saved $20,000 per boat in maintenance costs.
5. DANS 1.4125 contre. Autres matériaux
How does EN 1.4125 compare to other stainless and bearing materials? Le tableau ci-dessous le décompose:
| Matériel | Similarities to EN 1.4125 | Différences clés | Idéal pour |
|---|---|---|---|
| AISI 304 | Inoxydable; résistant à la corrosion | Austenitic (non magnétique); lower hardness (no wear resistance) | Food processing frames (not bearings) |
| AISI 316 | Inoxydable; résistant à la corrosion | Better chemical resistance; non magnétique; low hardness | Chemical tanks (not bearings) |
| JIS SUJ2 | Qualité roulement; résistant à l'usure | No corrosion resistance; rusts in water | Dry industrial bearings |
| GCr15 | Qualité roulement; dur | No corrosion resistance; Chinese standard | Dry machinery bearings |
| 100Cr6 | Qualité roulement; résistant à l'usure | No corrosion resistance; European standard | Dry automotive/industrial bearings |
| EN 100CrMo7 | Résistant à l'usure; European standard | No corrosion resistance; lower chromium | Heavy-duty dry bearings |
| AISI M50 | High-temperature bearing steel | No corrosion resistance; higher cost | Aerospace dry bearings |
| Roulements en céramique (Si₃N₄) | Résistant à la corrosion; résistant à l'usure | Non magnétique; plus cher; fragile | Ultra-high-speed wet applications |
| Roulements en plastique (PTFE) | Résistant à la corrosion | Low strength; no high-load use | Low-load wet apps (par ex., small pumps) |
Yigu Technology’s Perspective on EN 1.4125
Chez Yigu Technologie, DANS 1.4125 is our top choice for clients in food processing, marin, and chemical industries. Its balance of corrosion and wear resistance solves the #1 problem we see: rusted bearings in wet environments. We pair EN 1.4125 with passivation and precision grinding to meet sanitary standards (par ex., FDA) and tight bearing tolerances. For clients needing extra chemical resistance, we add PTFE coatings—making EN 1.4125 parts last 5–10x longer than standard steel in wet conditions.
FAQ About EN 1.4125 Acier à roulement inoxydable
- Is EN 1.4125 magnetic?
Yes—EN 1.4125 is martensitic stainless steel, so it’s ferromagnetic (attire les aimants). This differs from non-magnetic austenitic stainless steels like AISI 304. - Can EN 1.4125 withstand saltwater?
Yes—its high chromium content (16–18%) resists saltwater corrosion, making it ideal for marine applications (par ex., boat engines). Pour une protection supplémentaire, passivation or coating is recommended. - How does EN 1.4125 compare to AISI 440C (another stainless bearing steel)?
DANS 1.4125 and AISI 440C are similar (both martensitic, corrosion-resistant bearing steels). DANS 1.4125 has slightly lower carbon (0.95–1.20% vs. 0.95–1.10% for 440C) but similar performance. DANS 1.4125 follows European standards, while AISI 440C follows U.S. standards—they’re often interchangeable.